“…The absence of a graphite zone is advantageous for joint strength, as the former reduces the physical strength of a joint owing to poor bonding characteristics. 24,35 In addition, the interaction between graphite and Mo resulting in the formation of Mo 2 C, as well as the limited diffusion of Ni caused by its conversion into Ni 3 Mo 3 C by Mo 2 C, played a pivotal role in inhibiting the development of an IRZ. The aforementioned hypothesis is additionally corroborated by the thermodynamic calculation presented in the Ni-Si (Figure 4A), Mo-C (Figure 6A), and Ni-Mo-C (Figure 6B) phase diagrams, which confirm the feasibility of the formation of δ-Ni 2 Si, Ni 3 Si 2 , Mo 2 C, Ni 3 Mo 3 C, and graphite phases.…”