“…A large number of literatures had indicated that adding particles into lubricants was effective in improving their lubricity. Some previous studies had explored synthesis and tribological performance of several components like Co, Cu, Zn, graphene, MoS 2 , WS 2 , CaCO 3 , and ZDDP [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13] and displayed that the particles of these materials could provide various benefits like friction reducing, wear resistance, high fuel efficiency, energy savings, and low pollution. Nevertheless, with the development of modern industry, there was an increasing demand for the lubricants which could supply lubrication in a wide scope of temperatures for extreme operating condition.…”