Microstructure refinement of hypereutectic high Cr cast irons using hard carbide-forming elements for improved wear resistance

Chung, R.J.; Tang, Xiaodong; Li, D.Y.; Hinckley, B.; Dolman, Kevin

doi:10.1016/j.wear.2013.01.079

Cited by 100 publications

(55 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…Parallel with the XRD results, the formation of carbides in Mo and Cr-Mo added clad surface increased the hardness properties. In agreement with a previous work, the formation of carbide in the clad zone contributed to the increase of hardness 21 . Relatively, the dual increase of hardness properties in the Cr-added clad from its substrate was because of grain formation.…”

Section: Kssupporting

confidence: 93%

Microstructural Evolution and Phase Transformation in Laser Cladding of Cr and Mo Powder on Grey Cast Iron: Mixture Design of Experiment (DOE)

et al. 2017

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Laser cladding on grey cast iron at high power processing was investigated for microstructural evolution and phase transformation to enhance surface properties. Cladding was designed using a mixture of DOE with peak power (Pp) and pulse repetition frequency (PRF), and a mixture component of Cr and Mo ratio as factors. Microstructural findings indicated absolute elimination of graphite phase from the clad zone, in conjunction with particles evolution occurrence. Meanwhile, Cr, Mo and Fe phases were detected on the clad surface, along with M-C carbide, retained austenite and MoFe formation. The clad surface with addition of Mo exhibited a high hardness value of 945.5 HV 0.1 due to carbide formation. As a result of high peak power penetration into substrate surface, the depth range of clad zone was 53 to 131 µm. From the optimisation, the highest desirability is 82.3 %. Cladding with molybdenum powder addition was found to have produced minimum surface roughness, maximum depth and hardness of 9.14 µm, 110 µm and 891.1 HV 0.1 , respectively.

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Section: Kssupporting

confidence: 93%

Microstructural Evolution and Phase Transformation in Laser Cladding of Cr and Mo Powder on Grey Cast Iron: Mixture Design of Experiment (DOE)

et al. 2017

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“…The effect on the material of the phase was made in some studies; boron is the most effective element in increase of the hardness of the steel alloying. At higher chromium levels, typically above 30 wt%Cr, M 23 C 6 carbides may nucleate and grow throughout a peritectic reaction between the liquid and M 7 C 3 carbides, producing carbide with a core-shell structure (M 7 C 3 -M 23 C 6 ) [14]. Dublex carbides were observed in the samples B1 and D1 that contain 36.88% and 51.32% Cr, respectively ( Fig.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…Borides that form with the transition metals have long been known to possess high hardness and excellent wear, friction and corrosion resistance [12]. In literature some studies revealed that boron promoted the development of primary hard phases such as boride, increasing the volume fraction of these wear resistant hard phases [12][13][14]. Boride-rich cored wires are used widely in cladding or hard surfacing of some industrial applications by spraying or welding methods [15].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Study on Hardfacing Alloy Using Fe-Cr and Fe-B Powders

2015

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The aim of this study is the investigation of the effect of ferroboron and ferrochromium with massive wire based hardfacing alloys. Mixture of Fe-Cr and Fe-B powders was added to massive wire during welding process. Hardface layers were obtained by three different powder mixture and three different powder/massive wire proportions. Hardfacing was applied to two AISI 1020 steel substrates by open arc welding. Hardness test, scanning electron microscope and X-ray diffraction analysis were made to the samples. Test results showed that increasing ferroboron content and increasing powder mixture amount enhanced the microhardness of the specimens.

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“…A. Bedolla-Jacuinde et al suggested that primary MC and eutectic M 7 C 3 in the high-chromium white irons strengthen the matrix, and the strengthening of the matrix in turn provides better support to the eutectic carbides against cracking [12]. Due to the omplex nature of carbides in steel, in most cases, researchers can only generally link the wear behavior of a material with the size, quantity, distribution and orientation of the carbide's and deduce the operative role and influence of carbides during the wear process [13][14][15][16][17]. Works on the wear behavior of the carbide itself with well-defined conditions have been rarely reported.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigation of microstructural damage to eutectic carbides from scratch tests of a heat-treated Fe–Cr–W–Mo–V–C alloy

Guo

Feng

Liu

et al. 2016

Wear

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Abstract:The characteristics of abrasive wear damage to the carbides and eutectic phases in a Fe-Cr-W-Mo-V-C alloy were systematically investigated using point scratch testing on heat-treated samples with preserved eutectic structures from a characteristic eutectic carbide formation temperature of 1240°C. A deep-etching method is applied to study the detailed morphologies of the eutectic carbides by optical microscopy (OM) and field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM). The types of the eutectic carbides was identified by X-ray diffraction (XRD) as V-rich eutectic MC and Mo-rich eutectic M 2 C. Single-pass scratch tests were carried out on polished and deep-etched surfaces of the specimens to investigate the micro-scale wear behavior of the eutectic carbides with and without protection by the matrix phase. It was found that, when a surrounding matrix is present, the micro-cracks initiate from the eutectic region during the scratch tests and slip-lines appear in scratched edges of the matrix phase. Without matrix protection as revealed in the deep etched samples, the main failure form is carbide dendrites break-off forming wear debris. The detailed differences in response and deformation mode of carbide microstructures with/without matrix support to single-point abrasion behavior are schematically depicted for main eutectic MC and M 2 C carbides under different loading conditions. Potential 2 improvement on wear performance through the composition design is also discussed based on the different fracture and wear behavior of V-rich eutectic MC and Mo-rich eutectic M 2 C identified

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Microstructure refinement of hypereutectic high Cr cast irons using hard carbide-forming elements for improved wear resistance

Cited by 100 publications

References 17 publications

Microstructural Evolution and Phase Transformation in Laser Cladding of Cr and Mo Powder on Grey Cast Iron: Mixture Design of Experiment (DOE)

Microstructural Evolution and Phase Transformation in Laser Cladding of Cr and Mo Powder on Grey Cast Iron: Mixture Design of Experiment (DOE)

A Study on Hardfacing Alloy Using Fe-Cr and Fe-B Powders

Investigation of microstructural damage to eutectic carbides from scratch tests of a heat-treated Fe–Cr–W–Mo–V–C alloy

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