Microvascular permeability characteristics of the isolated perfused ischemic rat heart

Sunnergren, Kenneth P.; Rovetto, Michael J.

doi:10.1016/0022-2828(80)90029-2

Cited by 28 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…The extracellular volume returned to normal within 4 min of reperfusion, but had increased by 15% at the end of 20 min of reperfusion, as determined both by NMR spectroscopy and the increase in wetldry weight ratio. This extracellular edema caused by an ischemic insult is similar to that reported by others (21).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Intracellular and extracellular spaces and the direct quantification of molar intracellular concentrations of phosphorus metabolites in the isolated rat heart using ³¹P NMR spectroscopy and phosphonate markers

Clarke

Anderson

Nedelec

et al. 1994

Magnetic Resonance in Med

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To quantify metabolite and cation concentrations using NMR spectroscopy, the volumes of intracellular and extracellular spaces must be known. We describe a simple 31P NMR spectroscopic method that employs dimethyl methylphosphonate (DMMP) as a marker of total water space and phenylphosphonate (PPA) as a marker of extracellular space to determine intracellular and extracellular space volumes in the isolated, perfused rat heart. In vivo and in vitro radiolabel studies were used to verify this method. The difference between the total and extracellular water spaces, determined as milliliters/heart, gave the intracellular volume and allowed direct calculation of myocardial creatine phosphate, ATP, and inorganic phosphate concentrations, which were 13.4 mM, 10.1 mM, and 3.4 mM, respectively, for the glucose-perfused rat heart. The extracellular volume decreased by 84% in hearts subjected to 28 min total, global ischemia and increased by 15% during reperfusion. The method described allows the determination of intracellular energy metabolite concentrations in perfused rat heart directly from a single, fully relaxed 31P NMR spectrum.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Intracellular and extracellular spaces and the direct quantification of molar intracellular concentrations of phosphorus metabolites in the isolated rat heart using ³¹P NMR spectroscopy and phosphonate markers

Clarke

Anderson

Nedelec

et al. 1994

Magnetic Resonance in Med

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“…This explanation is supported by Sunnergren and Rovetto (1980). They observed a similar increase in microvascular permeability to albumin 20 min after onset of moderate myocardial ischemia in the isolated rat heart.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 51%

Local myocardial perfusion and epicardial NADH-fluorescence after coronary artery ligation in the isolated guinea pig heart

1984

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In Langendorff-perfused guinea pig hearts, local myocardial perfusion was evaluated by analysis of FITC-dextran-150 elution kinetics after bolus injection. Locally estimated half-times of the monoexponential elution curves showed good correlation with global undisturbed coronary flow. After ligation of the left anterior descending coronary artery indicator transit kinetics in the ischemic area were only slightly affected (increase of t/2 by 30 +/- 19%), indicating a residual flow of 80% to the ligated area. The moderate increase (40 +/- 20%) of NADH-surface fluorescence in the same area confirms a high degree of residual flow. Indicator partition volume (signal peak height after bolus injections) was additionally enhanced. Moreover, indicator transit kinetics changed from monoexponential to composed kinetics. On reperfusion these effects were partially reversible. Ligation of the left coronary artery at its aortic root produced only moderate ischemia, indicating very effective mechanisms in the isolated guinea pig heart from the right coronary artery to support the left ventricle. Severe ischemia as evidenced from NADH-surface fluorescence could be observed only after "stopped flow" ischemia.

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“…Most likely, it is due to direct effect of the erythrocytes and not to relative lack of O 2 (see McDonagh 40 for discussion). The direct effect of a low P02 to increase the permeability of the endothelial barrier, which is well documented by tracer studies, 44 -45 most likely explains the decrease of r 0 during hypoxic perfusion. In conclusion, the very rapid decrease of the extracellular resistance observed during anoxic, erythrocyte-free perfusion in the present experiments (Figure 4) was caused by both erythrocyte removal and anoxia.…”

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confidence: 85%

Effect of oxygen withdrawal on active and passive electrical properties of arterially perfused rabbit ventricular muscle.

Riegger

Alperovich

Kléber

1989

Circulation Research

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Oxygen withdrawal from myocardial cells leads to changes of the transmembrane action potential (mainly action potential shortening), to cellular uncoupling, and to changes of vascular permeability. This study was aimed at the simultaneous measurement of electrical activity and passive electrical properties (extracellular and intracellular longitudinal resistance) in arterially perfused rabbit papillary muscles under different conditions of changed oxygen supply. These included 1) complete anoxia (erythrocyte-free perfusate), 2) hypoxia (Po 2 between 23-28 mm Hg, erythrocytes present) in the presence and absence of glucose, and 3) normoxia with erythrocyte-free perfusate. Similarly to myocardial ischemia, rapid cellular uncoupling occurred only after an initial stable period of approximately 17 minutes, and it required complete anoxia. The marked shortening of the action potential developed before cellular uncoupling. In six out of eight experiments, the fibers were inexcitable when uncoupling started. In severe hypoxia, no significant change of internal longitudinal resistance was observed over 35-40 minutes. The time course of the extracellular longitudinal resistance was different from the change in intracellular resistance: A marked decrease occurred almost immediately after the onset of oxygen withdrawal. This decrease was followed by a small increase in conduction velocity, which was most likely due to a change in the interstitial compartment (edema). It was observed during anoxic as well as during hypoxic perfusion. We conclude that 1) cellular uncoupling in arterially perfused tissue requires almost complete oxygen lack and occurs with a delay of more than 10 minutes, 2) marked action potential shortening precedes uncoupling, and therefore can not simply be attributed to an increase in free, intracellular calcium, and 3) vascular endothelial function is more sensitive to oxygen withdrawal than the myocyte. (Circulation Research 1989;64:532-541) R emoval of the oxygen supply from ventricular myocardium leads to rapid changes of electrical activity 1 and to the early development of malignant ventricular arrhythmias.2 Two experimental models are widely used for investigation of metabolic and electrical changes associated with inadequate myocardial oxygen supply. These include the production of 1) myocardial anoxia or hypoxia by decreasing the oxygen content of the coronary perfusate, or 2) myocardial ischemia by the arrest of coronary flow. The essential difference between these two conditions is the complete absence of extracellular washout in the case of myocardial ischemia. This causes products of ischFrom the Department of Physiology, University of Berne, Beme, Switzerland.Supported by the Swiss National Science Foundation (Grant 3.903.0-85 to A.G.K.) and the Swiss Foundation of Cardiology.Address for correspondence: Andrt G. Kteber, MD, Department of Physiology, University of Beme, Bflhlplatz 5, CH-3012, Berne, Switzerland.Received March 31, 1988; accepted August 18, 1988. emic metabolism (e.g., lact...

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Microvascular permeability characteristics of the isolated perfused ischemic rat heart

Cited by 28 publications

References 37 publications

Intracellular and extracellular spaces and the direct quantification of molar intracellular concentrations of phosphorus metabolites in the isolated rat heart using ³¹P NMR spectroscopy and phosphonate markers

Intracellular and extracellular spaces and the direct quantification of molar intracellular concentrations of phosphorus metabolites in the isolated rat heart using ³¹P NMR spectroscopy and phosphonate markers

Local myocardial perfusion and epicardial NADH-fluorescence after coronary artery ligation in the isolated guinea pig heart

Effect of oxygen withdrawal on active and passive electrical properties of arterially perfused rabbit ventricular muscle.

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Microvascular permeability characteristics of the isolated perfused ischemic rat heart

Cited by 28 publications

References 37 publications

Intracellular and extracellular spaces and the direct quantification of molar intracellular concentrations of phosphorus metabolites in the isolated rat heart using 31P NMR spectroscopy and phosphonate markers

Intracellular and extracellular spaces and the direct quantification of molar intracellular concentrations of phosphorus metabolites in the isolated rat heart using 31P NMR spectroscopy and phosphonate markers

Local myocardial perfusion and epicardial NADH-fluorescence after coronary artery ligation in the isolated guinea pig heart

Effect of oxygen withdrawal on active and passive electrical properties of arterially perfused rabbit ventricular muscle.

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Intracellular and extracellular spaces and the direct quantification of molar intracellular concentrations of phosphorus metabolites in the isolated rat heart using ³¹P NMR spectroscopy and phosphonate markers

Intracellular and extracellular spaces and the direct quantification of molar intracellular concentrations of phosphorus metabolites in the isolated rat heart using ³¹P NMR spectroscopy and phosphonate markers