Microvascular permeability in isolated vascularly perfused small intestine of rats

Kraneveld, Aletta D.; Koster, A. Sj.; Nijkamp, Frans P.

doi:10.1152/ajpgi.1994.266.6.g1170

Cited by 4 publications

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“…It is unlikely that capillary recruitment and/or increased perfusion of mucosal vascular bed contributes significantly to an increase of PS product. Furthermore, it has been shown previously (19) that diffusion limitation, rather than flow limitation, applies to the tracers used.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In vitro assessment of vascular permeability was measured in the isolated vascularly perfused small intestine. On day 5 the entire small intestine from DNFB-or sham-sensitized rats was isolated as described previously (19). Briefly, after cannulation of the superior mesenteric artery and the portal vein, the vascular bed was perfused with medium.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Second, we examined whether this mucosal mast cell activation leads to early phase vascular permeability changes, which in turn facilitate the entry into the tissue of classical DTH effector cells. The vascular permeability changes were studied from 0 to 1 h after the challenge both in vivo and in vitro in the isolated vascularly perfused small intestine (19). The effects of the mast cell stabilizer doxantrazole on the early DTH-induced changes in small intestinal vascular permeability and RMCP II serum levels were investigated in vivo.…”

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Role of mucosal mast cells in early vascular permeability changes of intestinal DTH reaction in the rat

Kraneveld

Muis

Koster

et al. 1998

American Journal of Physiology-Gastrointestinal and Liver Physi

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Kraneveld, Aletta D., Thea Muis, Andries S. Koster, and Frans P. Nijkamp. Role of mucosal mast cells in early vascular permeability changes of intestinal DTH reaction in the rat. Am. J. Physiol. 274 (Gastrointest. Liver Physiol. 37): G832-G839, 1998.-Previously, it was shown that depletion and stabilization of the mucosal mast cell around the time of challenge were very effective in reducing delayed-type hypersensitivity (DTH) reactions in the small intestine of the rat. The role of mucosal mast cells in the early component of intestinal DTH reaction was further investigated in this study. In vivo small intestinal vascular leakage and serum levels of rat mast cell protease II (RMCP II) were determined within 1 h after intragastric challenge of rats that had been sensitized with dinitrobenzene 5 days before. A separate group of rats was used to study vasopermeability in isolated vascularly perfused small intestine after in vitro challenge. To investigate the effects of mast cell stabilization on the early events of the DTH reaction, doxantrazole was used. The influence of sensory nerves was studied by means of neonatal capsaicin-induced depletion of sensory neuropeptides. Within 1 h after challenge, a significant increase in vascular permeability was found in vivo as well as in vitro. This was associated with a DTH-specific increase in RMCP II in the serum, indicating mucosal mast cell activation. In addition, doxantrazole treatment and caspaicin pretreatment resulted in a significant inhibition of the DTH-induced vascular leakage and an increase in serum RMCP II. These findings are consistent with an important role for mucosal mast cells in early vascular leakage changes of intestinal DTH reactions. In addition, sensory nervous control of mucosal mast cell activation early after challenge is demonstrated. small intestinal vascular permeability; capsaicin CONSIDERABLE EVIDENCE supports a role for mast cells in immunologic inflammatory processes (6). Also, in cellmediated delayed-type hypersensitivity (DTH) reactions a role for mast cells has been postulated (9, 25). DTH reactions in the gastrointestinal tract have been proposed to represent some of the features prevalent in inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD); ongoing responses have been associated with an increased vascular permeability and enhanced lymphocyte infiltration into the inflamed intestinal tissue (10,13,31). Most of the studies investigating the role of mast cells in DTH reactions have been done in the intestine, lung, and skin of Trichinella spiralis-infected mice and picryl chloride contact-sensitized mice (9,(25)(26)(27). It has been suggested that on contact sensitization with picryl chloride or after primary helminth infection, DTHinitiating cells in lymphoid organs are induced to release antigen-specific factors that bind systemically to mast cells (4,15,22,36). On local challenge with the antigen, the armed mast cells are activated to release serotonin. Activation of serotonin receptor on vascular endothelium induces a local increase in vascular...

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Role of mucosal mast cells in early vascular permeability changes of intestinal DTH reaction in the rat

Kraneveld

Muis

Koster

et al. 1998

American Journal of Physiology-Gastrointestinal and Liver Physi

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Receptor-Mediated Events in the Microcirculation

2008

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A model of the isolated perfused rat small intestine

Lautenschläger

Dombrowsky

Frerichs

et al. 2010

American Journal of Physiology-Gastrointestinal and Liver Physi

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Intestinal edema remains a serious clinical problem, and novel approaches to study its pathophysiology are needed. It was our aim to develop a long-term stable isolated perfused rat small bowel preparation permitting analysis of vascular, luminal, interstitial, and lymphatic compartments and to demonstrate the utility of this model by studying the effects of the proinflammatory mediator platelet-activating factor (PAF). A temperature-controlled chamber with an integrated balance was designed to perfuse isolated intestines through the mesenteric artery and the gut lumen. Steroids or oxygen carriers were not needed. Functional and morphological integrity of the tissue was preserved for several hours as confirmed by oxygen consumption, venous lactate-to-pyruvate ratio, arterial and venous pH, lactose digestion and galactose uptake, intravascular and luminal pressures, maintained fluid homeostasis, gut motility, and quantitative light microscopic analysis. Administration of PAF caused typical effects such as vasoconstriction, gut atony, and loss of galactose uptake. PAF also elicited a transient loss of 20% of the perfusate liquid from the mesenteric vascular bed, two-thirds of which were transferred to the lumen. All these responses were entirely reversible. This new model provides detailed insights into the physiology of the small intestine and will allow to study fundamental processes such as fluid homeostasis, barrier functions, transport mechanisms, and immune responses in this organ. Using this model, here we show a dramatic and yet reversible response of the rat small bowel to PAF, suggesting luminal water clearance as a novel safety factor in the intestine that may be of clinical relevance.

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Microvascular permeability in isolated vascularly perfused small intestine of rats

Cited by 4 publications

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Role of mucosal mast cells in early vascular permeability changes of intestinal DTH reaction in the rat

Role of mucosal mast cells in early vascular permeability changes of intestinal DTH reaction in the rat

Receptor-Mediated Events in the Microcirculation

A model of the isolated perfused rat small intestine

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