Microwave absorber optimal design using multi-objective particle swarm optimization

Abstract

ness of the metamaterial by forming a slab with doubled thickness. The retrieved properties are consistent with those retrieved from single-layer slab, which shows that the slab is stackable with invariable properties and thus can be treated as an effective material described by a complex permittivity and complex permeability. This study establishes conclusively, the accuracy of the calibration and measurement of the phases of the S-parameters in the free-space system and also validates the homogenization procedure used in the measurements because of the excellent comparison between the phase of the measured and simulated S-parameters. The retrieval from measured data homogenizes over about 20 Omega shapes whereas the simulation homogenizes a unit cell with periodic boundary conditions that essentially homogenizes over an infinite number of cells. ACKNOWLEDGMENTThe samples used in the experiments were prepared by Mr. Anilkumar Tellakula of HVS Technologies, Inc. The authors would like to thank Dr. Kai Du of Penn State for helpful discussions regarding the use of the ANSOFT field simulation.

Development of Pyramidal Microwave Absorber Using Sugar Cane Bagasse (Scb)

“…This design was based on four references [27][28][29][30]. The dielectric constant, ε r , for this design of the SCB pyramidal absorber was 1.44, which was consistent with the value of the dielectric constant measured previously in [31]. Figure 4 shows the simulation setup in CST's Microwave Studio.…”

“…Many shapes have been used in the design of the absorbers, including pyramidal [27], wedge shapes [28]; oblique, hexagonal shapes [29]; twisted, convoluted, flat shapes [30]; and multilayer flat shapes [31]. Figure 1 shows a flowchart of the steps followed in an SCB pyramidal microwave absorber.…”

Design of Multilayer Microwave Absorbers Using Hybrid Binary Lightning Search Algorithm and Simulated Annealing

“…Future research should introduce more new and practical absorbent materials. The design problem of multilayer microwave absorbers is to make the absorber's reflection coefficient and the total thickness as small as possible, which can be considered as two objective functions [2,5]. The hybrid BLSA-SA algorithm will be used to solve this multi-objective problem and compared with other algorithms to verify its performance.…”

“…In the case of a specific frequency range, how to choose materials and their thickness to minimize the reflection coefficient of the absorber can be considered as an optimization problem. In recent years, heuristic algorithms such as genetic algorithm (GA) [1][2][3], particle swarm optimization (PSO) [4][5][6], differential evolution (DE) [7,8], and central force optimization (CFO) [9] have solved this problem. Although these algorithms optimize multilayer absorbers that minimize the reflection coefficient of the incident wave at multiple angles of incidence and in different frequency ranges, the thickness and reflection coefficient of the absorbers that they obtain can be further reduced.…”

Modified Multi-Objective Particle Swarm Optimization for Electromagnetic Absorber Design

“…Recently multi-objective particle swarm optimization (MOPSO) is also applied to solve this problem. But for some cases MOPSO showed slightly worse results than Nondominate Sorting Genetic Algorithm (NSGA-II) [3].…”