Microwave‐activated Synthesis of Pyrroles: A Short Review

Abstract

In the current scenario for continuous requirement of better drugs, medicinal chemists must visage the challenging task of preparing novel patentable compounds, combining high activity and selectivity, good drug‐likeness, and pharmacokinetic properties. There is an acute need of new molecules in both lead identification and lead optimization. Chemists thoroughly scrutinize ways to simplify synthetic protocols using green chemistry approaches, for example, microwaves. Reduction in the reaction time by the use of microwaves has emerged as a promising method for bringing out new leads in organic synthesis. Among the azaheterocyclic systems, synthesis of pyrrole moiety has been a highly attractive and an inspiring proposition. It has been found to be an inbuilt pharmacophore of various momentous pharmacologically active compounds in medicinal chemistry. This article outlines the basic principles of microwave technology and its use in the synthesis of pyrrole derivatives wherein this technology has made a tremendous impact.

Microwave‐Assisted Synthesis of Covalent Organic Frameworks: A Review

“…Microwaves have been widely applied in many organic [63] and inorganic [37,64] syntheses. In particular, when applied to the synthesis of nanomaterials, the reported advantages of MWs over conventional heating are: [65][66][67] -Higher synthesis rate and shorter reaction times: heating is transferred faster and in a more homogeneous way.…”

Green Synthesis of Pyrrole Derivatives

“…18 examples 75-95% yields Scheme 6. the use of different types of Lewis acid catalysts and biodegradable catalysts [24], through unusual solvents such as ionic liquids [25], to the use of activation techniques such as microwave (MW) [26] and ultrasound (US) [27].…”

Novel Bifunctional Mesoporous Catalysts Based on Preyssler Heteropolyacids for Green Pyrrole Derivative Synthesis

“…The characterization details of all compounds are given in the Experimental methods section. It is noteworthy to mention that this is a very simple method to prepare three new compounds not reported in the literature derived from benzothiazole ( Table 8, entries [19][20][21][22][23][24].…”

“…Mechanically, this synthetic process is simple, but it has a high versatility that depends on the type of carbonyl and amine used. This allows for a wide range of modifications and improvements, from the use of different types of Lewis acid catalysts and biodegradable catalysts [17], through unusual solvents such as ionic liquids [18], and to the use of activation techniques such as microwaves (MW) [19] and ultrasounds (US) [20]. Catalytic processes using heteropolyacids (HPAs) as solid acid catalysts have many advantages over catalysis using liquid acids.…”