Microwave-assisted synthesis of chitosan biguanidine hydrochloride and its regulation on InsR and GLUT2 in insulin resistant HepG2 cells

Abstract

CSGH increased glucose consumption of HepG2 cells by accelerating the expression of InsR and inhibiting the high-insulin-induced over-expression of GLUT2.

A novel cationic waterborne polyurethane coating modified by chitosan biguanide hydrochloride with application potential in medical catheters

“…28,47 From this standpoint, the crosslinking action of CSGH and its coating on the WPU surface can be considered as the reasons for the increase of particle size. Besides, our previous research also reported that CSGH is more hydrophilic and blending WPU/CSGH ((e) Sample E) films surface than chitosan, 32,33 and its interaction with water is enhanced. As a result, the viscosity of CSGH-WPU was also significantly increased.…”

“…CSGH was prepared based on our previous report. 32,33 The synthetic process of CSGH is shown in Figure 1.…”

“…And in our previous research, it was found that chitosan guanidine has excellent biological activity and reliable biological safety. 32,33 In this study, we synthesized chitosan biguanide hydrochloride (CSGH) and designed a stable cationic waterborne polyurethane emulsion. Due to the high reactivity of amino groups and chain-end isocyanate groups, CSGH, which played a role as blocking and cross-linking, was introduced into the polyurethane segment during the emulsification process.…”

Chitooligosaccharide Biguanide Repairs Islet β‐Cell Dysfunction by Activating the IRS‐2/PI3K/Akt Signaling Pathway in Type 2 Diabetic Rats

“…[21] Therefore, more efforts should be devoted to developing natural medicines without side effects or toxicity. [25,26] Furthermore, COSG can inhibit high glucoseinduced activation of the DAG/PKC pathway by regulating the expression of GLUT-2, with measurable nephroprotection in the early stage of experimental DN in rats. [22] COS improves the altered blood glucose metabolism in diabetic rats by accelerating the proliferation/neogenesis of β-cells and insulin secretory capacity.…”

“…Our previous studies showed that chitosan guanidine hydrochloride (CSGH) and chitooligosaccharide biguanide (COSG) can control glucose uptake by regulating the in vitro expression of glucose transporters (GLUTs), suggesting that these molecules are efficient in modulating blood sugar and improving glucose metabolism . Furthermore, COSG can inhibit high glucose‐induced activation of the DAG/PKC pathway by regulating the expression of GLUT‐2, with measurable nephroprotection in the early stage of experimental DN in rats .…”