Microwave-induced local hyperthermia in combination with radiotherapy of human malignant tumors

Abstract

Since 1976, two groups of patients have been treated with local microwave hyperthermia immediately following ionizing radiation. Group A patients had measurable multiple lesions assigned radiotherapy only, microwave hyperthermia only, or combined treatment. Ionizing radiation in 200-600 rad fractions was used 2-5 times per week to a total of 1800-4200 rad in 5-14 fractions. Group B patients had combination treatment only, with radiation fractions of 200-600 rad 2-5 times per week to a total of 2000-4800 rad total in 6-20 fractions. Both groups received hyperthermia (42-44 C) 2-3 times per week, maximum ten sessions in four weeks. The 19 patients treated have had squamous cell carcinoma, adenocarcinoma, malignant melanoma, plasmacytoma, epithelioid sarcoma, and undifferentiated carcinoma. After more than 150 hyperthermia sessions, we find: (1) local hyperthermia with microwave alone or in combination with ionizing radiation can be used with excellent normal tissue tolerance provided local tissue temperatures are carefully monitored and controlled; (2) a higher level of heat induction in tumor tissue as compared to surrounding normal tissues; (3) repeated hyperthermia at 42-43.5 C for 45 minutes per session immediately following photon irradiation yields a favorable therapeutic result, occasionally dramatic. Local microwave hyperthermia in combination with radiotherapy offers the possibility of substantial impact on clinical cancer therapy, whether of curative or palliative intent.

Hemodialysis Catheter Heat Transfer for Biofilm Prevention and Treatment

“…Modest elevations in temperature (e.g, 42-45°C) applied locally or regionally are currently used as adjuvants to traditional cancer therapy and can be delivered safely. 13 The intent in these circumstances is to exploit differential susceptibility to thermal stress between healthy and unhealthy tissue. In the setting of intravascular device infection, temperature induced protein denaturation and blood coagulation place an upper limit on the temperature that can be applied in the blood stream.…”

“…At temperatures comparable to those used adjunctively in the treatment of some malignancies 10, 13 , staphylococcus species (the most common pathogen associated with CLABSI) show increased susceptibility to vancomycin. 14 Additionally, elevated temperature significantly softens the staphylococcal biofilm matrix, raising the possibility that thermal treatment might facilitate mechanical clearing of biofilms without device removal.…”

Physical mechanism and modeling of heat generation and transfer in magnetic fluid hyperthermia through Néelian and Brownian relaxation: a review

“…In hyperthermia, heat can be generated through different methods, such as the application of ultrasound [55, 56], microwave radiation [57], radiofrequency heating [58, 59], and laser photocoagulation [60]. These heating techniques have several common drawbacks that hinder their clinical acceptance.…”

Evaluation of nano-magnetic fluid on malignant glioma cells

“…There are also issues such as the reflection of bone, bone resorption and others. Therefore, the treatment is challenging for intracranial tumors; microwave heating cannot be used for deep tumors, and often with side effects like scalding; radiofrequency heating has been widely used in local thermotherapy (6). Radiofrequency does not have a precise positioning, it heats the normal tissue and tumor tissue together and its capacity is affected by various factors (7).…”