Microwave method for reference-plane-invariant and thickness-independent permittivity determination of liquid materials

Hasar, Uğur Cem; Kaya, Yunus; Bute, Musa; Barroso, Joaquim J.; Ertuğrul, Mehmet

doi:10.1063/1.4862047

Cited by 19 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 71 publications

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“…5. First, extracted

normalℜ e falsefalse{ε_{normalr} falsefalse}

by our proposed method is in good agreement with those retrieved from the methods [3, 5] and the Debye model [9] with

ε_{r normal∞} = 5.2

ε_{r s} = 78.5

, and

τ = 8.33

ps. Secondly, retrieved

normalℜ e falsefalse{ε_{normalr} falsefalse}

better approaches the dependence obtained from the Debye model at high frequencies, as observed from Figs.…”

Section: Measurementsupporting

confidence: 71%

“…Although the configurations in Figs. 1a and b are similar to those in [3][4][5], in this Letter we analyse 1 r and L 3 determination of lossy liquid materials from reference-invariant reflection-only S-parameters. Applying the wave cascading matrix technique [6], we found the following S-parameters between the ports (P 1 and P 2 ) for the configurations in Figs.…”

mentioning

confidence: 69%

“…Although the configurations in Figs. 1 a and b are similar to those in [3–5], in this Letter we analyse

ε_{normalr}

and

L_{3}

determination of lossy liquid materials from reference‐invariant reflection‐only S ‐parameters.…”

Section: Theorymentioning

confidence: 87%

“…Then,

S_{11}^{b}

and

S_{22}^{b}

were measured and then our method was applied. For comparison, we also applied the methods [3, 5]. For application of these methods,

S_{21}^{b}

and

S_{12}^{b}

were also measured.…”

Section: Measurementmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…They generally need the information about thickness and reference planes to determine the complex permittivity

()(, ε_{normalr})

. The methods proposed in the literature to simultaneously eliminate these necessities use reflection and transmission scattering ( S ‐) parameters [3–5]. Therefore, their accuracy decreases for

ε_{normalr}

measurement of high‐loss materials due to increased uncertainty in transmission S ‐parameters.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Reference‐invariant permittivity and thickness measurement of lossy liquid materials

Hasar

Bute

2017

Electron. lett.

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A microwave method has been proposed to retrieve the complex permittivity and thickness of lossy dielectric liquids, which result in at least 10 dB attenuation, using reference-plane-invariant reflection scattering (S-) parameters. The CST Microwave Studio simulation program was first used to validate the method. Then, the permittivity and thickness of lossy distilled water sample poured over a polyethylene sample holder were measured from reference-invariant reflection-only S-parameter measurements at the X-band. The method was compared with other methods in the literature to analyse its accuracy.

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“…5. First, extracted

normalℜ e falsefalse{ε_{normalr} falsefalse}

by our proposed method is in good agreement with those retrieved from the methods [3, 5] and the Debye model [9] with

ε_{r normal∞} = 5.2

ε_{r s} = 78.5

, and

τ = 8.33

ps. Secondly, retrieved

normalℜ e falsefalse{ε_{normalr} falsefalse}

better approaches the dependence obtained from the Debye model at high frequencies, as observed from Figs.…”

Section: Measurementsupporting

confidence: 71%

mentioning

confidence: 69%

“…Although the configurations in Figs. 1 a and b are similar to those in [3–5], in this Letter we analyse

ε_{normalr}

and

L_{3}

determination of lossy liquid materials from reference‐invariant reflection‐only S ‐parameters.…”

Section: Theorymentioning

confidence: 87%

“…Then,

S_{11}^{b}

and

S_{22}^{b}

were measured and then our method was applied. For comparison, we also applied the methods [3, 5]. For application of these methods,

S_{21}^{b}

and

S_{12}^{b}

were also measured.…”

Section: Measurementmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…They generally need the information about thickness and reference planes to determine the complex permittivity

()(, ε_{normalr})

. The methods proposed in the literature to simultaneously eliminate these necessities use reflection and transmission scattering ( S ‐) parameters [3–5]. Therefore, their accuracy decreases for

ε_{normalr}

measurement of high‐loss materials due to increased uncertainty in transmission S ‐parameters.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Reference‐invariant permittivity and thickness measurement of lossy liquid materials

Hasar

Bute

2017

Electron. lett.

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Time‐Modulated Metasurface‐Assisted Measurements

Ghasemi

Rajabalipanah

Tayarani

et al. 2021

Advanced Optical Materials

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This paper explores time‐modulated metasurface‐assisted waveguide setups for the unique and accurate permittivity and permeability extraction of lossy dispersive samples with phase‐less measurements. It is theoretically demonstrated that when the position of the short‐circuit termination is dynamically modulated in a predefined way, the phase information of the reflection S‐parameter manifests itself into the amplitude level of the emerging harmonics. Being insensitive to the calibration plane shifts and phase uncertainties in reflection measurements while bypassing a priori knowledge about the material under test (MUT) and also the transmission information, can be regarded as the main advantages of the proposed time‐modulated material characterization approach. Using a simple post‐processing step, several illustrative examples are presented to numerically verify the validity of the proposed approach for some applicable and practical types of homogeneous materials. Two possible realization schemes based on mechanical actuation and electrical phase control are comprehensively discussed. An uncertainty analysis to examine how realization tolerances can affect the accuracy of results is also performed. The effectiveness of the proposed method is further experimentally demonstrated using a programmable phase‐agile metasurface. By involving the temporal dimension, the proposed strategy takes a great step forward in the phase‐less reconstruction of electromagnetic parameters.

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Two-step numerical procedure for complex permittivity retrieval of dielectric materials from reflection measurements

et al. 2014

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Microwave method for reference-plane-invariant and thickness-independent permittivity determination of liquid materials

Cited by 19 publications

References 71 publications

Reference‐invariant permittivity and thickness measurement of lossy liquid materials

Reference‐invariant permittivity and thickness measurement of lossy liquid materials

Time‐Modulated Metasurface‐Assisted Measurements

Two-step numerical procedure for complex permittivity retrieval of dielectric materials from reflection measurements

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