Microwave Photonics for Remote Sensing: From Basic Concepts to High-Level Functionalities

Serafino, Giovanni; Maresca, Salvatore; Porzi, Claudio; Scotti, Filippo; Ghelfi, Paolo; Bogoni, Antonella

doi:10.1109/jlt.2020.2989618

Cited by 44 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 89 publications

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“…( 1) is modelled as an additive white Gaussian noise (AWGN) stochastic process, while the term ϕ m,n,l (t) accounts for the overall phase shift introduced by the architecture. This drift is mainly caused by the optical oscillator instability and by the optical link [13]. The analysis carried out in [19] has investigated the impact of a 10 km single mode fiber (SMF) link on signal coherence, confirming its negligible effect on the short period, but highlighting a slight drift of about 5 • over multiple hours, mainly due to thermal fluctuations.…”

Section: B Mimo Radar Signal Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…As documented in [10]- [13], the hybrid discipline of microwave photonics (MWP), which bridges radio frequency (RF) applications to photonic processing techniques, has rapidly evolved to the point of attracting the interest of the radar communities. As a result, MWP techniques have been successfully applied in a number of fields: signal upand down-conversions with frequency flexibility and phase stability features [14], coherent multi-band operation [15], and coherent RF signal routing over optical fiber links [16], [17].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Information Diversity in Coherent MIMO Radars

Maresca

Malacarne²,

Ghelfi³

2021

2021 IEEE Radar Conference (RadarConf21)

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In this paper, the concept of information diversity in both the space and frequency domains is investigated for multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) radars with widely separated antennas. Compared to phased-antenna arrays and multistatic radars, they can exploit more degrees of freedom, allowing them to maximize the information content upon centralized data fusion, thus granting unprecedented target detection and localization capabilities.This analysis proceeds in parallel with the running progresses of microwave photonics (MWP), which could represent, in the near future, a new paradigm for the development of centralized MIMO radar architectures.Thus, understanding the implications of information diversity becomes essential to foretell the system effectiveness in detecting and resolving closely spaced targets, as well as in suppressing sidelobes which may lead to false alarms. Performance metrics are proposed and evaluated to characterize the effects that information diversity has on centralized MIMO radars with widely separated antennas. On the other hand, the proposed methodology could reveal precious for designing the optimum system configuration.

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Section: B Mimo Radar Signal Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Information Diversity in Coherent MIMO Radars

Maresca

Malacarne²,

Ghelfi³

2021

2021 IEEE Radar Conference (RadarConf21)

Self Cite

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“…Here, we consider all terms given by linelines and line-sidebands beatings of vn(tn) in PDs. We ignore other beat products which are usually much weaker [5]. From Eq.…”

Section: Principlesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…HOTONIC analog-to-digital converters (PADC) are applied to receive and digitize high-speed microwave signal in next-generation radar and communication systems thanks to the superiorities of ultra-broad input bandwidth and ultra-high sampling rate [1][2][3][4][5]. Among various kinds of PADC schemes, the photonic sampled and electronic digitized PADC which takes advantage of photonics in wideband processing and that of electronics in high precision quantization has become one of the mainstream schemes [6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization of the Frequency Response of Channel-Interleaved Photonic ADCs Based on the Optical Time-Division Demultiplexer

et al. 2021

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We characterize the frequency response of channelinterleaved photonic analog-to-digital converters (CI-PADCs) theoretically and experimentally. The CI-PADC is composed of a photonic frontend for photonic sampling and an electronic backend for quantization. The photonic frontend includes a photonic sampling pulse generator for directly high-speed sampling and an optical time-division demultiplexer (OTDM) for channel demultiplexing. It is found that the frequency response of the CI-PADC is influenced by both the photonic sampling pulses and the OTDM, of which the combined impact can be characterized through demultiplexed pulse trains. First, the frequency response can be divided into multiple frequency intervals and the range of the frequency interval equals the repetition rate of demultiplexed pulse trains. Second, the analog bandwidth of the CI-PADC is determined by the optical spectral bandwidth of demultiplexed pulse trains which is broadened in the OTDM. Further, the effect of the OTDM is essential for enlarging the analog bandwidth of the CI-PADC employing the photonic sampling pulses with limited optical spectral bandwidth. Index Terms-Microwave photonics signal processing, photonic ADC.

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“…Moreover, these devices have shown significant degradation in both efficiency and noise level when approaching higher frequencies via multi-stage frequency up-conversion [5]. Additionally, multi-stage frequency multiplexing and spectrum stitching for bandwidth broadening introduce noise and spectrum spur induced by device nonlinearity and interference [6], which compromises overall sensing accuracy and performance.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Photonic Generation of Radar Signals with 30 GHz Bandwidth and Ultra-High Time-Frequency Linearity

Zhang¹,

Yang²,

Eggleton³

2021

Preprint

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Photonic generation of radio-frequency signals has shown significant advantages over the electronic counterparts, allowing the high precision generation of radio-frequency carriers up to the terahertz-wave region with flexible bandwidth for radar applications. Great progress has been made in photonics-based radio-frequency waveform generation. However, the approaches that rely on sophisticated benchtop digital microwave components, such as synthesizers and digital-to-analog converters have limited achievable bandwidth and thus resolution for radar detections. Methods based on voltage-controlled analog oscillators exhibit high time-frequency non-linearity, causing degraded sensing precision. Here, we demonstrate, for the first time, a photonic stepped-frequency (SF) waveform generation scheme enabled by MHz electronics with a tunable bandwidth exceeding 30 GHz and intrinsic time-frequency linearity. The ultra-wideband radio-frequency signal generation is enabled by using a polarization-stabilized optical cavity to suppress intra-cavity polarization-dependent instability; meanwhile, the signal's high-linearity is achieved via consecutive MHz acousto-optic frequency-shifting modulation without the necessity of using electro-optic modulators that have bias-drifting issues. We systematically evaluate the system's signal quality and imaging performance in comparison with conventional photonic radar schemes that use high-speed digital electronics, confirming its feasibility and excellent performance for high-resolution radar applications.

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Microwave Photonics for Remote Sensing: From Basic Concepts to High-Level Functionalities

Cited by 44 publications

References 89 publications

Information Diversity in Coherent MIMO Radars

Information Diversity in Coherent MIMO Radars

Characterization of the Frequency Response of Channel-Interleaved Photonic ADCs Based on the Optical Time-Division Demultiplexer

Photonic Generation of Radar Signals with 30 GHz Bandwidth and Ultra-High Time-Frequency Linearity

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