Microwave Synthesis of Inulin Acetate as Potential Bio-Based Additive for Poly(Vinyl Chloride)

Vassilev, Dragomir; Petkova, Nadezhda; Denev, M. Koleva and P.

doi:10.32604/jrm.2018.00015

Cited by 5 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…The peak wave number of sucrose oleate in the C=O group was with K2CO3 catalyst and Na2CO3 catalyst which was 1,745.58 cm -1 . The dominant peak is in agreement with the research of [28], where the stretch on the C=O group of the ester was obtained from the transesterification of sucrose palmitate. In addition, the detection of bands in the range of 3,083 cm -1 (C=O) and 1,652 cm -1 indicated that there was a double bond in the vinyl group, so that the ester can be stable during the synthesis process.…”

Section: Ftir Analysis Of Sucrose Esterssupporting

confidence: 90%

Oleochemical Synthesis of Sucrose Esters from Methyl Esters of Palm Stearic and Oleic Fatty Acids

Syarifah Ali,

Fitria,

Rivai

et al. 2024

IOP Conf. Ser.: Earth Environ. Sci.

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Palm oil contains fatty acids such as stearic ranges from 3.40 – 5.47% and oleic ranges from 34.85 – 40.78% which can be used as materials for the synthesis of sucrose ester. This study aimed to increase and optimize the potential of palm oil raw materials through the oleochemical synthesis of sucrose ester. The process of sucrose ester synthesis consisted of two stages, i.e., the esterification process of fatty acids into methyl esters and the transesterification process of fatty acid methyl esters with sucrose to become sucrose esters. Esterification of stearic and oleic fatty acids was performed using H2SO4 catalyst and methanol as a solvent. Transesterification of sucrose with stearic and oleic methyl esters was performed using two types of catalysts K2CO3 6% and Na2CO3 6%, without solvents. The results showed that sucrose ester made from stearic acid methyl ester with K2CO3 catalyst tended to achieve better performance and physicochemical properties as follows: pH ranged from 10.29 – 10.45, foam stability ranged from 55.497 – 88.082%, emulsion stability ranged from 40.211 – 78.435%, surface tension ranged from 25.4 – 27.60 dyne/cm, and interfacial tension ranged from 9.69 – 10.91dynes/cm.

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Section: Ftir Analysis Of Sucrose Esterssupporting

confidence: 90%

Oleochemical Synthesis of Sucrose Esters from Methyl Esters of Palm Stearic and Oleic Fatty Acids

Syarifah Ali,

Fitria,

Rivai

et al. 2024

IOP Conf. Ser.: Earth Environ. Sci.

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“…P-MAM-g demonstrated an improved plasticization ability in comparison to PVC/40DOP and pure PVC. Grafting ester group, hexatomic ring and longer alkyl chains simultaneously onto PVC decreased the polymer-polymer interaction and enhanced the free volume between polymer molecules, which is helpful for decreasing the T g of P-MAM-g [26][27][28]. The above analysis verifies that the introduction of multifunctional mannich base derived from myrcene into PVC is an effective strategy for providing PVC with intrinsic plasticization abilities.…”

Section: Mechanical Propertiesmentioning

confidence: 55%

The Promoting Effect of Multifunctional Groups on the Thermal and Mechanical Properties of PVC Materials

Wang¹,

Fan²,

Song³

et al. 2023

Journal of Renewable Materials

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The development of PVC materials grafted with mannich base originated from myrcene (P-MAM-g, where the mannich base derived from myrcene is abbreviated as MAM) via green and effective synthetic methods is a good strategy to avoid unacceptable discoloration and deterioration of thermal and mechanical properties caused by autocatalytic dehydrochlorination (DHC) during PVC processing. In this study, MAM with double bonds, amino groups, ester groups, and phospholipid groups was introduced into the chains of PVC to improve the thermal stability of PVC. The experimental results showed that the covalent attachment of MAM to PVC enhanced both the initial and the long-term stability of PVC. The enhanced performance of P-MAM-g compared with unmodified PVC is attributed to the simultaneous introduction of double bonds and amino groups into the PVC structure. The double bonds trapped the unstable chlorine atoms originated from the degradation of the PVC chain and reacted with the labile macromolecular radicals originated from PVC, thus inhibiting the radical degradation of the PVC chain. Furthermore, the amino groups absorbed the HCl produced in the degradation of PVC, inhibiting the adverse effects of HCl. P-MAM-g displayed better intrinsic flexibility and anti-migration ability of organic functional components compared with the control PVC materials. A possible stabilizing mechanism of the P-MAM-g was also presented.

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“…According to previous reports, plasticizers and thermal stabilizers are the main sources of organic by-products [13,14]. The thermal stabilizer, plasticizer and PVC are physically blended during the processing of commercial PVC materials [15][16][17]. However, the poor compatibility of PVC and additives easily leads to the uneven dispersion of additives and the migration of organic functional components, which results in the decrease in PVC sample efficiency and the increase in the formation of organic by-products during radiolysis [1,18].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synergistic Modification of PVC with Nitrogen-Containing Heterocycle and Tung-Oil Based Derivative for Enhanced Heat Stabilization and Plasticization Behavior

Wang¹,

Fan²,

Bu³

et al. 2023

Journal of Renewable Materials

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The additives present in polyvinyl chloride (PVC) materials are the major source of organic by-products during PVC degradation. The thermal stabilizer and plasticizer are the main additives that endow PVC with the required properties during its processing. However, these two additives easily migrate when samples are obtained by physical mixing of the additives with PVC. This causes the reduction of PVC sample efficacy and the increase in the formation of organic by-products in the radiolysis process. In this work, two kinds of grafted PVC samples (tungoil derivative grafted PVC and Atz grafted PVC, abbreviated as P-GT 4 and P-AZ 3 ) were synthesized by chemical grafting of 3-amino-1,2,4-triazole (Atz) and tung-oil derivative on PVC, respectively. These two PVC samples were then blended at different mass ratios to obtain hybrid PVC materials with excellent plasticization, thermal stability and migration resistance ability. Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), discoloration, Congo red test and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) showed that when the mass ratio of P-GT 4 to P-AZ 3 in the mixed PVC resin was 1:3, the resulting P 1:3 -GT 4 -AZ 3 (P4) presented the best plasticization and thermal stability. The kinetics of thermal decomposition showed that the activation energy of P4 was much higher than that of the reference material [PVC/DOTP/CaSt 2 /ZnSt 2 , PVC/CZ41 for short] at mass loss α = 20% and 80%. In addition, the leaching test showed that P4 material possessed excellent migration resistance ability.

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Microwave Synthesis of Inulin Acetate as Potential Bio-Based Additive for Poly(Vinyl Chloride)

Cited by 5 publications

References 19 publications

Oleochemical Synthesis of Sucrose Esters from Methyl Esters of Palm Stearic and Oleic Fatty Acids

Oleochemical Synthesis of Sucrose Esters from Methyl Esters of Palm Stearic and Oleic Fatty Acids

The Promoting Effect of Multifunctional Groups on the Thermal and Mechanical Properties of PVC Materials

Synergistic Modification of PVC with Nitrogen-Containing Heterocycle and Tung-Oil Based Derivative for Enhanced Heat Stabilization and Plasticization Behavior

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