Mid-infrared astrophotonics: study of ultrafast laser induced index change in compatible materials

Arriola, Alexander; Gross, Simon; Ams, Martin; Gretzinger, Thomas; Coq, David Le; Wang, Rongping; Ebendorff-Heidepriem, Heike; Sanghera, Jasbinder S.; Bayya, Shyam; Shaw, L. Brandon; Ireland, Michael; Tuthill, P. G.; Withford, Michael J.

doi:10.1364/ome.7.000698

Cited by 42 publications

(28 citation statements)

References 67 publications

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“…Because of the nonlinear behavior of the interaction, the energy deposited by a focused femtosecond pulse is confined inside the focal volume, resulting in sub-micrometer spatial resolution for local structuring. Fabrication of 3D integrated photonic structures inside a transparent glass substrate using ultrafast laser inscription is offering unique perspectives for applications in various fields such as astrophotonics [1], optical communication and active devices [2], quantum photonics and emulation of quantum systems [3], optofluidics, and sensing [4]. Femtosecond laser-induced photochemistry was reported in a large variety of glass matrices, including silicates [5,6], aluminosilicates [7][8][9], aluminoborates [10], and also composite plasmonic metal/ dielectric media [11,12].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

On the femtosecond laser-induced photochemistry in silver-containing oxide glasses: mechanisms, related optical and physico-chemical properties, and technological applications

Petit

Danto

Guerineau

et al. 2018

Advanced Optical Technologies

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Laser-induced glass processing has led to huge progress and applications over the last two decades. Here, we review recent advances in femtosecond laser-induced photochemistry in isotropic transparent oxide glasses specifically tailored with silver photoactive agents. The understanding of the influence of the considered glass matrix on the nature and properties of the created silver species is of prime importance. After presenting the key material properties, the formation mechanisms of laser-induced silver-based species are discussed, and potential technological applications are highlighted. Laser-induced processing of silver-containing oxide glasses paved the way for the fabrication of complex integrated waveguides and optical circuits with innovative fluorescent, nonlinear optical, and plasmonic properties. The universality of the method is expected to extend in any glass material that shows a similar laser-induced behavior in terms of silver cluster production.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

On the femtosecond laser-induced photochemistry in silver-containing oxide glasses: mechanisms, related optical and physico-chemical properties, and technological applications

Petit

Danto

Guerineau

et al. 2018

Advanced Optical Technologies

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“…Prototype nulling-interferometer beamcombiners have also been produced using direct-write with this glass (Gretzinger et al 2019), as well as planar lithographic technology (Kenchington Goldsmith et al 2016). Other materials such as various different types of fluoride and chalcogenide glasses and fluoride crystals have also been investigated (Arriola et al 2017).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

First on-sky demonstration of an integrated-photonic nulling interferometer: the GLINT instrument

Norris

Cvetojevic

Lagadec

et al. 2019

Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society

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The characterisation of exoplanets is critical to understanding planet diversity and formation, their atmospheric composition and the potential for life. This endeavour is greatly enhanced when light from the planet can be spatially separated from that of the host star. One potential method is nulling interferometry, where the contaminating starlight is removed via destructive interference. The GLINT instrument is a photonic nulling interferometer with novel capabilities that has now been demonstrated in onsky testing. The instrument fragments the telescope pupil into sub-apertures that are injected into waveguides within a single-mode photonic chip. Here, all requisite beam splitting, routing and recombination is performed using integrated photonic components. We describe the design, construction and laboratory testing of our GLINT pathfinder instrument. We then demonstrate the efficacy of this method on sky at the Subaru Telescope, achieving a null-depth precision on sky of ∼ 10 −4 and successfully determining the angular diameter of stars (via their null-depth measurements) to milliarcsecond accuracy. A statistical method for analysing such data is described, along with an outline of the next steps required to deploy this technique for cutting-edge science.

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“…With the growing trend toward mid-IR photonic devices, a new substrate such as chalcogenide with a transmission window from 2 to 8 µm would be required. The compatibility of these materials for ultrafast laser inscription is still a topic of research [32], and first results of mid-IR spectro-interferometers fabricated by direct laser writing in commercial chalcogenides glasses (GLS) have already been shown [31].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Novel concept for visible and near infrared spectro-interferometry: laser-written layered arrayed waveguide gratings

et al. 2018

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With the growing complexity of astronomical instruments devoted to interferometry, such as MATISSE (a 4 telescope beam combiner) or FIRST (a 9 sub-apertures beam combiner), and the rebirth of space projects such as LIFE (a mid-infrared interferometer), integrated optics devices can be an interesting and complementary approach for beam combination of a large number of apertures. Moreover, one of the approaches for beam combination is pairwise combination of the inputs (either from individual telescopes or from aperture masking on a single telescope), which scales as N(N-1)/2 for an N input system. Astrophotonics devices are attractive to reduce mass and system complexity, while achieving all the beam combination in a single chip, even for a high number of inputs. The aim of this work is to develop a compact photonic device for astronomical applications and demonstrate a proof-of-concept of a spectro-interferometer. In this paper ultrafast laser inscription is used to fabricate three arrayed waveguide gratings (AWGs) stacked vertically. This arrangement enables spectral dispersion and interferometry to be measured simultaneously. Individual AWGs were designed for operation at 633 nm, and demonstrated at 633nm and 830nm. A scan between 790 and 830nm was also achieved to study the wavelength behavior of the AWG. Using a segmented mirror, light at 633nm or 830nm was injected simultaneously into three AWGs layered 40 µm apart, showing analogous behavior for all three layers and no unexpected crosstalk. Finally the three outputs were vertically combined to obtain interference fringes, showing the feasibility of spectro-interferometry and opening the way for compact astrophotonic devices devoted to phase closure studies, used in astronomy to reduce the effect of atmospheric turbulence.

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Mid-infrared astrophotonics: study of ultrafast laser induced index change in compatible materials

Cited by 42 publications

References 67 publications

On the femtosecond laser-induced photochemistry in silver-containing oxide glasses: mechanisms, related optical and physico-chemical properties, and technological applications

On the femtosecond laser-induced photochemistry in silver-containing oxide glasses: mechanisms, related optical and physico-chemical properties, and technological applications

First on-sky demonstration of an integrated-photonic nulling interferometer: the GLINT instrument

Novel concept for visible and near infrared spectro-interferometry: laser-written layered arrayed waveguide gratings

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