Midbrain binding of [123I]nor-β-CIT in atypical depression

Lehto, Soili M.; Tolmunen, Tommi; Joensuu, Mikko; Saarinen, Pirjo; Vanninen, Ritva; Ahola, Pasi; Tiihonen, Jari; Kuikka, Jyrki T.; Lehtonen, Johannes

doi:10.1016/j.pnpbp.2006.03.019

Cited by 46 publications

(31 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…We found lower 5-HTT binding (BP P , proportional to the total number of available transporters) in midbrain and amygdala in vivo in major depressive disorder (MDD) using positron emission tomography (PET) with [ 11 C]McN5652 (Parsey et al, 2006b), in agreement with some (Lehto et al, 2006;Malison et al, 1998;Newberg et al, 2005), but not all (Ichimiya et al, 2002;Meyer et al, 2004a), previous reports.…”

Section: Objectives Of the Studysupporting

confidence: 89%

Serotonin transporter binding as a possible predictor of one-year remission in major depressive disorder

Miller

Oquendo

Ogden

et al. 2008

Journal of Psychiatric Research

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Objective-Lower serotonin transporter (5-HTT) binding (BP P = = f P B avail /K D ) is reported during a major depressive episode (MDE) compared to healthy controls. Higher 5-HTT binding in the diencephalon has previously been associated with acute response to antidepressant treatment. We assessed baseline 5-HTT binding as a predictor of one-year remission from a MDE, examining binding in brain regions implicated in the pathophysiology of major depressive disorder (MDD). Results-Significant differences in 5-HTT binding among the three groups (healthy controls, remitters, and non-remitters) were observed in a linear mixed-effects model. Post-hoc, non-remitters had lower 5-HTT binding than controls in midbrain, amygdala, and anterior cingulate. Remitters did not differ significantly from controls or non-remitters in 5-HTT binding. Remitters did not differ from non-remitters in clinical characteristics apart from greater family history of depression among non-remitters. A logistic regression model fit to determine the capacity of baseline 5-HTT binding to predict remission status at one year yielded a coefficient that was suggestive but not significant (p=0.057). Methods-5-HTTLimitations-The small sample size and heterogeneous treatments received reduced statistical power to detect differences in binding based on clinical outcome.Conclusions-Lower pretreatment 5-HTT binding may be predictive of non-remission from major depression following one year of naturalistic antidepressant treatment. Future studies using standardized treatment are warranted.

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Section: Objectives Of the Studysupporting

confidence: 89%

Serotonin transporter binding as a possible predictor of one-year remission in major depressive disorder

Miller

Oquendo

Ogden

et al. 2008

Journal of Psychiatric Research

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“…having relatives with psychiatric diagnoses) or patients (from different source populations) is the most probable explanation for the inconsistent findings. Previous studies recruited patients from general psychiatric outpatient and university clinics [7,8,10,12,18,19,30]. We recruited 65% of our patients from primary care settings.…”

Section: Methodological Explanations For Inconsistent Findingsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Thus, we recruited severely affected and often melancholic patients who were drug-free, with 69% of the patients being drug-naive. Three studies [7,13,31] included larger proportions of drug-naive patients. Like Parsey et al [10], we observed (nonsignificant −15%) lower midbrain SERT availability in drug-naive patients (results available on request).…”

Section: Methodological Explanations For Inconsistent Findingsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Other studies have shown increased [19] or decreased [7][8][9][10][11][12][13] SERT availability in MDD patients compared with healthy subjects. However, none of these studies except two [11,13] investigated the effect of gender, and none of the study corrected for season.…”

Section: Comparison With Previous Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Studies comparing depressed patients with healthy subjects have shown decreased [7][8][9][10][11][12][13], unchanged [14][15][16][17][18] or increased [19] SERT availability in MDD patients. A negative correlation between SERT availability and the severity of depression, measured in terms of Hamilton depression rating scale (HDRS) scores, has been reported in patients with primary MDD [9] or Wilson's disease [20].…”

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confidence: 99%

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Serotonin transporter binding with [123I]β-CIT SPECT in major depressive disorder versus controls: effect of season and gender

Ruhé

Booij

Reitsma

et al. 2009

Eur J Nucl Med Mol Imaging

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Purpose The serotonin system is undoubtedly involved in the pathogenesis of major depressive disorder (MDD). More specifically the serotonin transporter (SERT) serves as a major target for antidepressant drugs. There are conflicting results about SERT availability in depressed patients versus healthy controls. We aimed to measure SERT availability and study the effects of age, gender and season of scanning in MDD patients in comparison to healthy controls. Methods We included 49 depressed outpatients (mean±SD 42.3±8.3 years) with a Hamilton depression rating scale score above 18, who were drug-naive or drug-free for ≥4 weeks, and 49 healthy controls matched for age (±2 years) and sex. Subjects were scanned with single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) using [ 123 I]β-CIT. SERT availability was expressed as specific to nonspecific binding ratios (BP ND ) in the midbrain and diencephalon with cerebellar binding as a reference. Results In crude comparisons between patients and controls, we found no significant differences in midbrain or diencephalon SERT availability. In subgroup analyses, depressed males had numerically lower midbrain SERT availability than controls, whereas among women SERT availability was not different (significant diagnosis×gender interaction; p=0.048). In the diencephalon we found a comparable diagnosis×gender interaction (p=0.002) and an additional smoking×gender (p=0.036) interaction. In the midbrain the season of scanning showed a significant main effect (p=0.018) with higher SERT availability in winter. Conclusion Differences in SERT availability in the midbrain and diencephalon in MDD patients compared with healthy subjects are affected by gender. The season of scanning is a covariate in the midbrain. The diagnosis×gender and gender×smoking interactions in SERT availability should be considered in future studies of the pathogenesis of MDD.

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5‐HT radioligands for human brain imaging with PET and SPECT

Paterson

Kornum

Nutt

et al. 2011

Medicinal Research Reviews

145

129

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The serotonergic system plays a key modulatory role in the brain and is the target for many drug treatments for brain disorders either through reuptake blockade or via interactions at the 14 subtypes of 5-HT receptors. This review provides the history and current status of radioligands used for positron emission tomography (PET) and single photon emission computerized tomography (SPECT) imaging of human brain serotonin (5-HT) receptors, the 5-HT transporter (SERT), and 5-HT synthesis rate. Currently available radioligands for in vivo brain imaging of the 5-HT system in humans include antagonists for the 5-HT1A, 5-HT1B, 5-HT2A, and 5-HT4 receptors, and for SERT. Here we describe the evolution of these radioligands, along with the attempts made to develop radioligands for additional serotonergic targets. We describe the properties needed for a radioligand to become successful and the main caveats. The success of a PET or SPECT radioligand can ultimately be assessed by its frequency of use, its utility in humans, and the number of research sites using it relative to its invention date, and so these aspects are also covered. In conclusion, the development of PET and SPECT radioligands to image serotonergic targets is of high interest, and successful evaluation in humans is leading to invaluable insight into normal and abnormal brain function, emphasizing the need for continued development of both SPECT and PET radioligands for human brain imaging.

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Midbrain binding of [123I]nor-β-CIT in atypical depression

Cited by 46 publications

References 30 publications

Serotonin transporter binding as a possible predictor of one-year remission in major depressive disorder

Serotonin transporter binding as a possible predictor of one-year remission in major depressive disorder

Serotonin transporter binding with [123I]β-CIT SPECT in major depressive disorder versus controls: effect of season and gender

5‐HT radioligands for human brain imaging with PET and SPECT

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