Migraine and type 2 diabetes; is there any association?

Haghighi, Fatemeh; Rahmanian, Masoud; Namiranian, Nasim; Arzaghi, Seyed Masoud; Dehghan, Farzane; Chavoshzade, Fahime; Sepehri, Fariba

doi:10.1186/s40200-016-0241-y

Cited by 24 publications

(32 citation statements)

References 31 publications

(51 reference statements)

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“…Our results agree with Haghighi et al, 9 who compared 147 patients with type 2 diabetes with data from 150 matched subjects from the general population and observed no significant differences in the prevalence of migraine. In Norway, data from the HUNT 2 and HUNT 3 Surveys found no correlation between migraine and type 2 diabetes, however reported an inverse relationship between migraine and type 1 diabetes (OR 0.47; 95%CI 0.26–0.96) related to microvascular alterations in patients with type 1 diabetes causing diabetic neuropathy.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

“… 18 – 20 In Spain, the results of national health surveys have shown that the probability of women suffering from migraine is three times higher than for men (adjusted OR 3.08; 95%CI 2.82–3.37). 4 Haghighi et al 9 found that the proportion of diabetic women with migraine was 62.5% compared to only 37.4% among diabetic men.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“… 11 , 12 However, differences in the socio-demographic characteristics, coexisting physical and mental conditions and lifestyles, may explain the association between diabetes and migraine, beside obesity, described by other authors. 7 – 9 , 13 …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Migraine in adults with diabetes; is there an association? Results of a population-based study

López‐de‐Andrés

Barrio

Hernández-Barrera

et al. 2018

DMSO

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AimsTo investigate the association between migraine and diabetes mellitus while controlling for several socio-demographic characteristics, comorbidities, and lifestyle variables. We also aimed to identify which of these variables are associated with migraine among diabetics.Patients and methodsWe conducted a cross-sectional study using data taken from the European Health Interview Surveys for Spain conducted in 2009/10 (n=22,188) and 2014 (n=22,842). We selected those subjects ≥40 years of age. Diabetes status was self-reported. One non-diabetic control was matched by the year of survey, age, and sex for each diabetic case. The presence of migraine was defined as the affirmative answer to both of the following questions: “Have you suffered migraine or frequent headaches over the last 12 months?” and “Has your physician confirmed the diagnosis?”. Independent variables included demographic and socio-economic characteristics, health status variables, lifestyle, and pain characteristics.ResultsThe prevalence of migraine was significantly higher among those suffering from diabetes (14.9% vs. 13.0%; p=0.021). The multivariable analysis showed that diabetes was not associated with a higher risk of migraine (adjusted OR 1.06; 95%CI 0.89–1.25). Among diabetic subjects, female sex, suffering concomitant mental disorders, respiratory disorders, neck pain, and low back pain were variables associated with suffering from migraine.ConclusionWe found no significant differences in the prevalence of migraine between diabetics and non-diabetic age- and sex-matched controls after controlling for possible confounders.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Migraine in adults with diabetes; is there an association? Results of a population-based study

López‐de‐Andrés

Barrio

Hernández-Barrera

et al. 2018

DMSO

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“…However, in spite of the fact that the statistical power was much better for type 2 DM than type 1 DM, we could not confirm the results from the prescription-based study regarding type 2 DM. In accordance with our result, no association between migraine and type 2 DM was found in prospective analyses from the large-scale Women's Health Study (n ¼ 38,620 women) performed in the USA (18) and a case-control study (n ¼ 297) from Iran (17).…”

Section: Comparison With Other Studiessupporting

confidence: 91%

Inverse relationship between type 1 diabetes mellitus and migraine. Data from the Nord-Trøndelag Health Surveys 1995–1997 and 2006–2008

et al. 2017

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Aims The aim of this cross-sectional population-based study was to investigate the associations between migraine and type 1 and type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM). Methods We used data from the second (1995-1997) and third survey (2006-2008) in the Nord-Trøndelag Health Study. Analyses were made for the 26,121 participants (30-97 years of age, median 58.3 years) with known headache and DM status in both surveys, and for the 39,584 participants in the third survey (20-97 years, median 54.1 years). The diagnosis of migraine was given to those who fulfilled the questionnaire-based migraine diagnosis in the second and/or third survey. Associations were assessed using multiple logistic regression, estimating prevalence odds ratio (OR) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Results In the multivariate analysis of the 26,121 participants in both surveys, adjusting for age, gender, years of education, and smoking, classical type 1 DM (n = 81) was associated with a lower prevalence of any headache (OR = 0.55, 95% CI 0.34-0.88),and migraine (OR = 0.47, 95% CI 0.26-0.96) compared to those without DM (n = 24,779). Correspondingly, the merged group of classical type 1 DM and latent autoimmune diabetes of adults (LADA) (n = 153) were less likely to have migraine (OR = 0.53, 95% CI 0.31-0.91). Similarly, an inverse relationship between type 1 DM and migraine was found in analyses of 39,584 participants in the third survey. No clear association was found between headache and type 2 DM. Conclusions In this cross-sectional population-based study of mainly middle-aged participants, type 1 DM was inversely associated with headache, in particular migraine.

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“…A simple comparison between migraine associated symptoms, premonitory symptoms in particular, and symptoms of hypoglycaemia [45] show several similarities: for example, dizziness, pale skin, cold hands and feet, binge eating/sugar cravings, yawning, nausea, low blood pressure, shaking, cognitive difficulties, tiredness, fatigue, visual dysfunction and slurred speech. Increased migraine frequency has also been observed during Ramadan [46] and migraine prevalence in type 2 diabetics was shown to proportionally increase with the number of hypoglycaemia attacks [47].…”

Section: Potentially Migraine Relevant Mechanisms Of Ketosismentioning

confidence: 99%

Potential Protective Mechanisms of Ketone Bodies in Migraine Prevention

et al. 2019

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An increasing amount of evidence suggests that migraines are a response to a cerebral energy deficiency or oxidative stress levels that exceed antioxidant capacity. The ketogenic diet (KD), a diet mimicking fasting that leads to the elevation of ketone bodies (KBs), is a therapeutic intervention targeting cerebral metabolism that has recently shown great promise in the prevention of migraines. KBs are an alternative fuel source for the brain, and are thus likely able to circumvent some of the abnormalities in glucose metabolism and transport found in migraines. Recent research has shown that KBs—D-β-hydroxybutyrate in particular—are more than metabolites. As signalling molecules, they have the potential to positively influence other pathways commonly believed to be part of migraine pathophysiology, namely: mitochondrial functioning, oxidative stress, cerebral excitability, inflammation and the gut microbiome. This review will describe the mechanisms by which the presence of KBs, D-BHB in particular, could influence those migraine pathophysiological mechanisms. To this end, common abnormalities in migraines are summarised with a particular focus on clinical data, including phenotypic, biochemical, genetic and therapeutic studies. Experimental animal data will be discussed to elaborate on the potential therapeutic mechanisms of elevated KBs in migraine pathophysiology, with a particular focus on the actions of D-BHB. In complex diseases such as migraines, a therapy that can target multiple possible pathogenic pathways seems advantageous. Further research is needed to establish whether the absence/restriction of dietary carbohydrates, the presence of KBs, or both, are of primary importance for the migraine protective effects of the KD.

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Migraine and type 2 diabetes; is there any association?

Cited by 24 publications

References 31 publications

Migraine in adults with diabetes; is there an association? Results of a population-based study

Migraine in adults with diabetes; is there an association? Results of a population-based study

Inverse relationship between type 1 diabetes mellitus and migraine. Data from the Nord-Trøndelag Health Surveys 1995–1997 and 2006–2008

Potential Protective Mechanisms of Ketone Bodies in Migraine Prevention

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