Migration and Endogenous Change

Brugmann, Birte

doi:10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199212149.013.0003

Cited by 3 publications

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“…This was a time of major transition in Britain, and indeed elsewhere in Europe. Near-contemporary documentary sources survive, namely Gildas' writings from the 6 th Century which denotes the history of Britain before and during the migrations (Brugmann 2011). Later texts include the Venerable Bede's 8 th -Century 'Ecclesiastical History of the English People', the Anglo-Saxon Chronicles and the 10 th -Century Annales Cambriae of Wales.…”

Section: Historical Contextmentioning

confidence: 99%

Frequency Analyses of Historical and Archaeological Datasets Reveal the Same Pattern of Declining Sociocultural Activity in 9th to 10th Century CE Ireland

McLaughlin¹,

Hannah²,

Coyle-McClung³

2018

CDN

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This paper discusses how the production rate of historical and archaeological data might contain unique information about past societies. The case study is the frequency of entries in the Annals of Ulster, a primary early medieval source from Ireland, which was compared to the frequency of archaeological material from early medieval Ireland. The two datasets were found to contain similar trends, namely a rapid increase in activity in the 7 th Century, followed by a decline in the Early 9 th Century, low levels of activity in the 10 th Century, until recovery in the Late 10 th / Early 11 th Centuries. This overall pattern of activity had not been noticed before. Turning to the archaeological record of Britain, although there are certain similarities between Ireland and Scotland especially in the early part of the period, we find that the 9th and 10th centuries there were a stable period, and thus contrast with Ireland. We argue that environmental pressures are unlikely to be driving the signal, and instead various socio-cultural factors in the past coalesced in Ireland, leading to circumstances powerful enough to attenuate the enduring evidence for human activity, but expressing themselves silently, perhaps even in a way that was not immediately obvious to those witnessing them in the past. The simplest explanation, we contend, is that population levels fell throughout the period. This finding offers insight into the relationship between long-term change and the primary production of history, and supports the idea that the quantity of certain historical data can contain information about past realities.

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Section: Historical Contextmentioning

confidence: 99%

Frequency Analyses of Historical and Archaeological Datasets Reveal the Same Pattern of Declining Sociocultural Activity in 9th to 10th Century CE Ireland

McLaughlin¹,

Hannah²,

Coyle-McClung³

2018

CDN

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“…An ongoing debate exists about the way the new material culture was introduced, in England, as well as in the Netherlands. Instead of, or in addition to, introduction by immigrants or through importation, the distinct changes in material culture might be explained as stylistic influences within a socio‐cultural network (Brugmann 2011; Nieuwhof 2011; 2013; Hills and Lucy 2013; Nicolay 2014). Therefore, the term ‘Anglo‐Saxon style pottery’ (ASSP) is preferred here over ‘Anglo‐Saxon pottery’.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Chronology of Anglo‐saxon Style Pottery in Radiocarbon Dates: Improving the Typo‐chronology

Krol

Dee

Nieuwhof

2020

Oxford J Archaeology

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In the fourth and fifth centuries AD, the Anglo-Saxon style was introduced in northwestern Europe. To what extent immigrants contributed to this process for each region is still debated. How and when the Anglo-Saxon style spread is essential in this debate. Handmade pottery is the most common find category, but so far it can only be dated globally. An earlier and a later style have been postulated and the introduction of this pottery is seemingly not simultaneous in every region. Hitherto this could not be supported by the radiocarbon dates. The present study shows that, with the help of Bayesian modelling, it is possible to substantiate these patterns, which is of utmost importance for understanding migration patterns, contacts and exchange along the southern North Sea coastal regions during this period.

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“… B. Brugman, ‘Migration and Endogenous Change’, in H. Hamerow, et al (), 30–45, offers a thorough critique of the former and current models of the migration and settlement of Anglo‐Saxon England.…”

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confidence: 99%

Managing Transition: Western Britain from the End of Empire to the Rise of Penda

White

2013

History Compass

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The transition of Britain from being a province within the Roman Empire to the Kingdoms of Medieval England is one that is dominated in the public imagination by the historical account written by Bede. This tells us of how the Anglo-Saxons were invited into Britain, settling in specific territories. This largely accords with the archaeological record. What Bede does not talk of is how the other nations of Britain arose. It is argued that the genesis of the peoples of the West, the Welsh and Cornish, derives from the survival of one of the later Roman provinces of Roman Britain, Britannia Prima. While the other three provinces succumbed swiftly to the incoming Anglo-Saxon populations that had been invited to defend the territory, in the West Britannia Prima was able to defend itself for a century and a half until Penda began to erode its frontiers. In doing so, it managed to develop and sustain an identity that was no longer Roman but was something new, based on the Brittonic culture of the coastal region of the province and which coalesced into the peoples known today as the Welsh and Cornish.The traditional view of the end of Roman Britain is one that has been enshrined in the literature since the Age of Bede in the eighth century. Bede tells us of incoming peoples from the continent who settled in discrete areas and in effect replaced Roman rule with their own, occupying the power vacuum left when Roman troops and administrators were withdrawn in the first decade(s) of the fifth century. Although the essentials of Bede's narrative appear correct -we can still today point to historic counties apparently corresponding to areas settled by the Angles or the Saxons -modern archaeologists and historians would challenge much of the detail. 1 Not the least of the issues with this narrative is that Bede conveniently ignores those parts of the British Isles that did not succumb so readily to the English. These comprise the other nations of Britain: the Scots, the Welsh and, arguably, the Cornish whose genesis too lies in this period. When, and how, did these nations arise?The Scottish nation also came into being as the result of an incoming population and political conquest. Roughly contemporary with the Anglo-Saxon adventus, the Dál Riada Scots migrated from the North-East of Ireland to establish themselves in Western Scotland, eventually taking over the Pictish kingdom under Kenneth MacAlpin to create Scotland in the ninth century. 2 What of the Welsh and Cornish? In the traditional narrative, the inhabitants of these western areas were supplemented by an influx of refugees of the British populations who fled from the incoming Anglo-Saxons, a view that has been familiar from the middle of the last century, which pictured changes in society as the result of 'waves' of invaders from the continent that pushed the existing populations to the margins. 3 If this were the case, then we would surely see evidence for this influx of refugees in the archaeological record, but no such evidence has been found. 4 In fact, what we s...

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Migration and Endogenous Change

Cited by 3 publications

References 0 publications

Frequency Analyses of Historical and Archaeological Datasets Reveal the Same Pattern of Declining Sociocultural Activity in 9th to 10th Century CE Ireland

Frequency Analyses of Historical and Archaeological Datasets Reveal the Same Pattern of Declining Sociocultural Activity in 9th to 10th Century CE Ireland

The Chronology of Anglo‐saxon Style Pottery in Radiocarbon Dates: Improving the Typo‐chronology

Managing Transition: Western Britain from the End of Empire to the Rise of Penda

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