Migration of the Ganga River and development of cliffs in the Varanasi region, India during the late Quaternary: Role of active tectonics

Surface deformation in the Himalaya and adjoining piedmont zone of the Ganga Plain, Uttarakhand, India: Determined by different radar interferometric techniques

“…Palaeoseismic investigation reveals that during an earthquake event, sometime between AD 1278 and 1433, the HFT in this area registered $4 m coseismic deformation (Kumar et al, 2006). Likewise, the geomorphic signatures of active crustal deformation can be seen at several places in this part of the Himalaya (Nakata, 1989;Valdiya et al, 1992;Valdiya, 2001;Champel et al, 2002;Malik and Nakata, 2003;Thakur et al, 2007;Goswami and Deopa, 2013, among others) and adjoining Indo-Gangetic plains (Singh, 1996;Sinha et al, 2005;Agarwal et al, 2002;Goswami, 2012;Lahiri and Sinha, 2012;Shukla et al, 2012).…”

Geological Marvels, Hallowed Shrines and Unification of People of India

“…OSL dating of the sediments suggest tectonic movement 40 ka and 7 ka ago -the later event is supposed to be responsible for the uplift of the Rāmnagar block 15 . Significantly, the top 4 to 10 m sedimentary deposits contain cultural remains of the periods Northern Black Slipped Ware, dating back to the seventh-eighth century BC (ref.…”

“…Apart from the Gangā's narrow entrenched course, the telltale manifestation of neotectonic movement on this NE-SW fault is the 750 m long, 20 m high vertical cliff of the Rāmnagar area, developed on the right bank of the Gangā (Figure 6 b) -in the block east of the fault. Considerably affected by gully erosion, the cliff exposes many deformational structures such as reverse faults, fissures, folds and what look similar to soft-sediment liquefaction features 15 . All these features corroborate the surmise that the fault that deflected the Gangā in the Kāshi region is neotectonically active.…”

Assessment of Ambient Air Quality Resulting from Anthropogenic Emissions

“…Even though there is significant effort in trying to cope air pollution arising from these industrial activities, there are still other sources of air pollution in the area including thousand of uncontrolled vehicles and petrol or diesel emergency generators [12]. These generators are prolific due to severe power shortage is the area, this pollutants are not dispersed properly and remain in surrounding ambient air for longer durations [12][13][14][15]. Removal of such pollutants would have been easy by natural process but the incessant cutting down of trees in the study area in the name of getting of shelter is another problem contributing to air pollution in the area [16][17][18].…”