Migrations, Ethnogenesis, and Settlement Dynamics: Israelites in Iron Age Canaan and Shuwa-Arabs in the Chad Basin

Levy, Thomas E.; Holl, Augustin F. C.

doi:10.1006/jaar.2001.0390

Cited by 26 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…It is possible that it was introduced in the last 1,400 years as a result of the Arab expansion, which accompanied the spread of Islam. This is consistent with the presence of the allele in the Beni Amir and Jaali of eastern Sudan, as well as the Shuwa Arabs of Cameroon, all of whom are Muslim and claim some Arab ancestry (Robinson 1927;Warburg 1978;Levy and Holl 2002;Vanhove 2006). However, if it is a marker of the principle cause of lactase persistence in Sudan, a longer history seems more likely since there is linguistic and archaeological evidence for herding of cows in the Nile valley and eastern Africa at least 4-5,000 years ago (Ehret 1979;Smith 1992).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 87%

A novel polymorphism associated with lactose tolerance in Africa: multiple causes for lactase persistence?

et al. 2006

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Persistence or non-persistence of lactase expression into adult life is a polymorphic trait that has been attributed to a single nucleotide polymorphism (C-13910T) in an enhancer element 13.9 kb upstream of the lactase gene (LCT). The -13910*T allele occurs at very high frequency in northern Europeans as part of a very long haplotype (known as A), and promotes binding of the transcription factor Oct-1. However, -13910*T is at very low frequency in many African milk drinking pastoralist groups where lactase persistence phenotype has been reported at high frequency. We report here for the first time, a cohort study of lactose digester and non-digester Sudanese volunteers and show there is no association of -13910*T or the A haplotype with lactase persistence. We support this finding with new genotype/phenotype frequency comparisons in pastoralist groups of eastern African and Middle Eastern origin. Resequencing revealed three new SNPs in close proximity to -13910*T, two of which are within the Oct-1 binding site. The most frequent of these (-13915*G) is associated with lactose tolerance in the cohort study, providing evidence for a cis-acting effect. Despite its location, -13915*G abolishes, rather than enhances Oct-1 binding, indicating that this particular interaction is unlikely to be involved in lactase persistence. This study reveals the complexity of this phenotypic polymorphism and highlights the limitations of C-13910T as a diagnostic test for lactase persistence status, at least for people with non-European ancestry.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 87%

A novel polymorphism associated with lactose tolerance in Africa: multiple causes for lactase persistence?

et al. 2006

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“…Following the Egyptian records, these seminomads are now identified mainly with the Shasu (e.g., Weippert 1979: 32-34;Rainey 1991Rainey , 2001; Van der Steen 1999;Levy and Holl 2002, and others). It should be noted, however, that these scholars do not claim that all Shasu were Israelites, but that Israel was one Shasu group (e.g., Rainey 2001;Levy and Holl 2002).…”

Section: Evaluating the Seminomadic Originmentioning

confidence: 99%

Israel's Exodus in Transdisciplinary Perspective

Levy¹,

Schneider²,

Propp³

2015

Quantitative Methods in the Humanities and Social Sciences

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Quantitative Methods in the Humanities and Social Sciences is a book series designed to foster research-based conversation with all parts of the university campus from buildings of ivy-covered stone to technologically savvy walls of glass. Scholarship from international researchers and the esteemed editorial board represents the farreaching applications of computational analysis, statistical models, computer-based programs, and other quantitative methods. Methods are integrated in a dialogue that is sensitive to the broader context of humanistic study and social science research. Scholars, including among others historians, archaeologists, classicists and linguists, promote this interdisciplinary approach. These texts teach new methodological approaches for contemporary research. Each volume exposes readers to a particular research method. Researchers and students then benefit from exposure to subtleties of the larger project or corpus of work in which the quantitative methods come to fruition.

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“…In the Iron Age I (ca. 1200-1000 BCE), small sites (254 from the survey) dominated much of the inland hilly regions of the Southern Levant (Finkelstein 1998;Levy and Holl 2002). New migrations or changes in settlement were already apparent by the Late Bronze Age.…”

Section: Case Study: the Southern Levantmentioning

confidence: 99%

Revolutionizing a World

2015

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Migrations, Ethnogenesis, and Settlement Dynamics: Israelites in Iron Age Canaan and Shuwa-Arabs in the Chad Basin

Cited by 26 publications

References 22 publications

A novel polymorphism associated with lactose tolerance in Africa: multiple causes for lactase persistence?

A novel polymorphism associated with lactose tolerance in Africa: multiple causes for lactase persistence?

Israel's Exodus in Transdisciplinary Perspective

Revolutionizing a World

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