Mikroprzeszłość. Badania specjalistyczne w archeologii

Kurzawska, Aldona; Sobkowiak-Tabaka, Iwona

doi:10.14746/wa.2021.1.978-83-946591-8-9

Cited by 4 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 51 publications

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“…do III/II wieku p.n.e.) znaczną liczbę paciorków z muszli porcelanek-monetek odkryto w grobach kobiecych i uznawane są za jedną z cech charakterystycznych ozdób kobiecych tego czasu o znaczeniu magicznym i leczniczym (Reese 1995;Kovács 2008, s. 65-66;Kurzawska 2013). Dodatkowo należy zauważyć, że porcelanki często odkrywane są w pochówkach o bogatym wyposażeniu, co może sugerować szczególną pozycję społeczną osoby zmarłej, a muszle jako drogocenne, importowane przedmioty podkreślają jej status społeczny.…”

Section: Podsumowanieunclassified

“…W literaturze umykają naszej uwadze, niestety rzadko raportowane, rozproszone znaleziska muszli morskich małży z rodzaju Venus i Glycymeris (odkrywane w pochówkach z okresu neolitu i z wczesnej epoki brązu) (Kurzawska i in. 2020) czy znaleziska muszli porcelanek (zwane też "kauri" bądź "cauri") od wczesnej epoki żelaza po wczesne średniowiecze (Kurzawska 2013). Sporadycznie znajdowane są ozdoby z pozostałych gatunków muszli śródziemnomorskich (również rzadko identyfikowane i publikowane).…”

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Muszle – zawieszki – amulety we wczesnym średniowieczu z terenu Polski na przykładzie znalezisk z Kruszwicy

Kurzawska,

Głód

2023

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In this article, the author takes a closer look at the finds of sea shell ornaments in the early Middle Ages, based on artefacts discovered at two sites (Nos. 2 and 4) in Kruszwica. The four pendants in question come from settlement levels dating from the 11th to the 12th centuries. A malacological analysis suggests that the ornaments reached Kruszwica from the Mediterranean area (Acanthocardia tuberculata and Bolinus brandaris), and probably the Red Sea (Monetaria moneta), and from southern Poland (Turritella sp). These objects had been in use for a long time, as evidenced by the microtraces and damage visible on their surface. During the early medieval period, among the various species of shells that were ‘imports’, money cowrie shell ornaments with the most ‘exotic’ origins were the most common in Europe. It is highly probable that during this period of time, they were used in the exchange/trade and their value as a female symbol object and an amulet. Most likely, the shell pendants reached Kruszwica via trade routes that have been previously documented, alongside other artifacts. These ornaments provide additional evidence of long-distance trade.

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Muszle – zawieszki – amulety we wczesnym średniowieczu z terenu Polski na przykładzie znalezisk z Kruszwicy

Kurzawska,

Głód

2023

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A practical hybrid approach to the problem of surveying a working historical bell considering innovative measurement methods

Skrzypczak¹,

Oleniacz²,

Leśniak³

et al. 2023

Herit Sci

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The article proposes using a novel hybrid measurement method, with expected precision results, to determine the characteristic of the historic, 17th-century bell. In an interdisciplinary approach, modern and non-invasive physical and chemical measurement methods were used. Based on the monitoring (measurements and laser scanning), a three-dimensional geometric model was built to calculate the bell size and analyze its condition depending on material consumption. Next, chemical measures of the bell samples were carried out to determine the material properties. For that purpose, advanced precision microscopic techniques were used. Based on the geometric model and chemical studies, the material properties and density of the bronze were determined using additive assumptions. Measurement accuracy and data quality were evaluated statistically. The method allows reliably determining the bell's weight without needing to dismantle it or external intervention. The approach is helpful for practitioners performing conservation work on such objects.

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Petrophysical Analyses of Rock Construction Materials from a Roman Rural Settlement in Podšilo Bay on Rab Island (North-East Adriatic, Croatia)

Trzciński,

Wójcik,

Kiełbasiński

et al. 2024

Materials

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This article presents the results of petrophysical analyses of limestones and sandstones used for the construction of the wall structures of a Roman rural settlement located in Podšilo Bay on Rab Island (Croatia). An on-site analysis of the walls indicated the use of different lithotypes, which is an uncommon case in the area. So far, no petrophysical properties of the applied materials have been tested, and their provenance has not been specified. The aim of this research was to determine their usability as construction materials in an attempt to determine the possible reasons behind the usage of multiple lithotypes and their suitability as building materials. The following procedure was used to address these issues: (1) determination of the petrographic characteristics of the rocks, (2) performance of tests to characterise the mechanical properties in a complex stress state of uniaxial tension followed by uniaxial and triaxial compression, and, finally, (3) determination of the internal structure of the rocks using methods based on X-ray imaging. Multi-proxy characteristics of the materials including numerous observations and methods were performed: optical microscopy used to characterise rock petrography and mineralogy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) coupled with EDS, as well as grinding tests; furthermore, mechanical properties were determined on cylindrical samples in accordance with European standards. X-ray microtomography using the XμCT method enabled microscopic observations and determination of the orientation of discontinuities and the rock structure. The performed analyses allowed us to distinguish three lithological types of sandstone and two types of limestone among the examined stone blocks. Stone blocks of fine- and medium-grained sandstone with carbonate binders, as well as sparitic limestone and mudstone with calcite veins, were used to build the studied structures. The analysed blocks showed traces of partial edge processing. Despite the defects in the material structure identified using XμCT, all the types of rock were characterised by high or very high strength. High values of longitudinal wave velocity confirmed the good quality of the material. These results contribute to a better understanding of the construction process and the related technological choices, and they provide the first dataset which can be used for the reconstruction of the building’s original appearance in the future.

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Mikroprzeszłość. Badania specjalistyczne w archeologii

Abstract: Campbell, I., Campbell, C. 1994. Pollen preservation: experimental wet/dry cycles in saline and desalinated sediments. Palynology 18: 5-10.

Cited by 4 publications

References 51 publications

Muszle – zawieszki – amulety we wczesnym średniowieczu z terenu Polski na przykładzie znalezisk z Kruszwicy

Muszle – zawieszki – amulety we wczesnym średniowieczu z terenu Polski na przykładzie znalezisk z Kruszwicy

A practical hybrid approach to the problem of surveying a working historical bell considering innovative measurement methods

Petrophysical Analyses of Rock Construction Materials from a Roman Rural Settlement in Podšilo Bay on Rab Island (North-East Adriatic, Croatia)

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