Mild Cognitive Impairment in Parkinson’s Disease: A Review of Current Concepts

Palavra, Natalie C; Naismith, Sharon L.; Lewis, Simon J.G.

doi:10.1155/2013/576091

Cited by 37 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 67 publications

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“…The diagnosis of PD is purely clinical, relying mainly on physical findings of bradykinesia and akinesia, tremor, rigidity, and also postural instability (Nutt and Wooten, 2005 ). In addition to motor symptomatology, PD is now recognized to be a complex disorder with diverse clinical features which includes non-motor manifestations (NMS) (Palavra et al, 2013 ). These NMS are often poorly recognized and inadequately treated; hence contributing to significant long term disability, impaired quality of life, and reduced life expectancy (Hughes et al, 2004 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Apolipoprotein Eε4: A Biomarker for Executive Dysfunction among Parkinson's Disease Patients with Mild Cognitive Impairment

et al. 2017

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Background: Cognitive impairment is prevalent in Parkinson's disease (PD), affecting 15–20% of patients at diagnosis. α-synuclein expression and genetic polymorphisms of Apolipoprotein E (ApoE) have been associated with the presence of cognitive impairment in PD although data have been inconsistent.Objectives: To determine the prevalence of cognitive impairment in patients with PD using Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA), Comprehensive Trail Making Test (CTMT) and Parkinson's disease-cognitive rating scale (PDCRS), and its association with plasma α-synuclein and ApoE genetic polymorphisms.Methods: This was across-sectional study involving 46 PD patients. Patients were evaluated using Montreal cognitive assessment test (MoCA), and detailed neuropsychological tests. The Parkinson's disease cognitive rating scale (PDCRS) was used for cognitive function and comprehensive trail making test (CTMT) for executive function. Blood was drawn for plasma α-synuclein measurements and ApoE genetic analysis. ApoE polymorphism was detected using MutaGELAPoE from ImmunDiagnostik. Plasma α-synuclein was detected using the ELISA Technique (USCN Life Science Inc.) according to the standard protocol.Results: Based on MoCA, 26 (56.5%) patients had mild cognitive impairment (PD-MCI) and 20 (43.5%) had normal cognition (PD-NC). Based on the PDCRS, 18 (39.1%) had normal cognition (PDCRS-NC), 17 (37%) had mild cognitive impairment (PDCRS-MCI), and 11 (23.9%) had dementia (PDCRS-PDD). In the PDCRS-MCI group, 5 (25%) patients were from PD-NC group and all PDCRS-PDD patients were from PD-MCI group. CTMT scores were significantly different between patients with MCI and normal cognition on MoCA (p = 0.003). Twenty one patients (72.4%) with executive dysfunction were from the PD-MCI group; 17 (77.3%) with severe executive dysfunction and 4 (57.1%) had mild to moderate executive dysfunction. There were no differences in the plasma α-synuclein concentration between the presence or types of cognitive impairment based on MoCA, PDCRS, and CTMT. TheApoEe4 allele carrier frequency was significantly higher in patients with executive dysfunction (p = 0.014).Conclusion: MCI was prevalent in our PD population. PDCRS appeared to be more discriminatory in detecting MCI and PDD than MoCA. Plasma α-synuclein level was not associated with presence nor type of cognitive impairment, but the ApoEe4 allele carrier status was significantly associated with executive dysfunction in PD.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Apolipoprotein Eε4: A Biomarker for Executive Dysfunction among Parkinson's Disease Patients with Mild Cognitive Impairment

et al. 2017

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“…PD-MCI patients usually report some difficulties in functional independence that may be reflected in the quality of life (Federico et al 2015). PD-MCI is associated to increasing age, low levels of education, later onset of the disease, greater PD severity, longer disease duration and it is more frequent in males than females (Palavra et al 2013).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Conscious Attention Defect and Inhibitory Control Deficit in Parkinson’s Disease-Mild Cognitive Impairment: A Comparison Study With Amnestic Mild Cognitive Impairment Multiple Domain

Cammisuli

Sportiello²

2017

Psychiat Danub

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“…many patients can find it difficult to read, recognize faces in the crowd, drive a car or understand navigation. As regards motion, spatial disturbances reveal themselves when a subject is trying to copy complicated geometrical and three dimensional shapes [34][35][36]. All this significantly exacerbates cognitive processes in general and the motion defect, too, leading to a higher risk of injuries from falls [33,37,38].…”

Section: IIImentioning

confidence: 99%

Clinical Significance and Pathogenesis of Visual Impairment in Parkinson’s Disease

Oa¹,

Sa²,

Oi³

2017

JNSK

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Among non-motor symptoms in patients with Parkinson's disease (PD) have a number of specific visual disturbances. This review describes the main visual problems associated with PD, referring to their basic anatomical aspects and pathophysiological mechanisms. A wide range of visual disorders includes changes in color vision and contrast sensitivity, change in the electrophysiological properties of the retina due to the insufficiency of the retinal dopaminergic system, features of visual field defects, visuospatial and visuoperceptual impairments. The use of modern electrophysiological, neurophysiological, psychophysiological and other research methods makes it possible to comprehensively assess the state of all parts of the visual analyzer from the retina to the higher cortical centers in patients with PD. The article discusses controversial questions about the relationship between changes in color vision, a decrease in the level of contrast sensitivity and severity of motor disorders in Parkinson's disease. Finally, we discuss the advantages of using threshold and blue-yellow perimetry as more sensitive methods in detecting visual field defects in patients with PD. Keywords:

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Mild Cognitive Impairment in Parkinson’s Disease: A Review of Current Concepts

Cited by 37 publications

References 67 publications

Apolipoprotein Eε4: A Biomarker for Executive Dysfunction among Parkinson's Disease Patients with Mild Cognitive Impairment

Apolipoprotein Eε4: A Biomarker for Executive Dysfunction among Parkinson's Disease Patients with Mild Cognitive Impairment

Conscious Attention Defect and Inhibitory Control Deficit in Parkinson’s Disease-Mild Cognitive Impairment: A Comparison Study With Amnestic Mild Cognitive Impairment Multiple Domain

Clinical Significance and Pathogenesis of Visual Impairment in Parkinson’s Disease

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