Mild Microfluidic Approaches to Oxide Nanoparticles Synthesis

Abstract

Oxide nanoparticles (oxide NPs) are advanced materials with a wide variety of applications in different fields. The use of continuous flow methods is particularly appealing for their synthesis due to the high control achieved over the reaction conditions and the easy process scalability. The present review focuses on the preparation of oxide NPs using microfluidic setups at low temperature (� 80 °C), since the employment of mild reaction conditions is crucial for developing sustainable and cost-effective processes. A particular emphasis will be put on the improvement over the final product features (e. g., size, shape, and size distribution) given by flow methods with respect to conventional batch procedures. The main issues that arise by treating NPs suspensions in microfluidic systems are product deposition or channel clogging; mitigation strategies to overcome these drawbacks will also be presented and discussed.

Targeting Tumor Microenvironment by Metal Peroxide Nanoparticles in Cancer Therapy

“…Literature reports on the production of MgO 2 nanosheets have been published via a microemulsion system, where cyclohexane and CO-5 2 0 were added to an MgCl 2 solution [200,[202][203][204]. After 30 minutes of stirring, ammonium hydroxide was quickly introduced to generate Mg(OH) 2 and stirred for another 30 minutes.…”

Non-fouling flow reactors for nanomaterial synthesis

“…The flow reactors utilised to synthesise nanoparticles are well documented, with several recent reviews on flow synthesis in general [20][21][22][23][24] and specialisation on drug nanonization, 25,26 lipid-based nanoparticles, 27,28 noble metal nanoparticles, 29,30 metal oxide, 31,32 and magnetic nanoparticles. 33,34 Although reactor fouling is recognised as a challenge, there is limited awareness of its severity (see Fig.…”