Milk production and calf rearing practices in the smallholder areas in the Eastern Cape Province of South Africa

Mapekula, Monde; Chimonyo, M.; Mapiye, Cletos; Dzama, K.

doi:10.1007/s11250-009-9336-5

Cited by 23 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…This clearly shows that, Nguni cows have low percentage fat milk. This also concurs with the study carried out by Mapekula et al (2009) who reported that, milk fat content in Nguni cows were lower than in crossbreds. The reason for this is that, Nguni cows are adapted to graze and digest poor quality forages (Mapekula et al, 2009).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

“…This also concurs with the study carried out by Mapekula et al (2009) who reported that, milk fat content in Nguni cows were lower than in crossbreds. The reason for this is that, Nguni cows are adapted to graze and digest poor quality forages (Mapekula et al, 2009). Raats et al (2004) reported that, Nguni is adapted to low nutrient intake and it still manages to synthesize the desired fatty acids for both human consumption and calf milk.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

“…Nguni cattle have been considered inferior to exotic breeds in terms of both beef and milk production (Hofmeyer, 1994;Bester et al, 2003). In rural communities, milk is utilized as both fresh and sour (Mapekula et al, 2009). Although, the chemical composition of milk from other breeds is known but there is paucity of information on the chemical composition of milk from Nguni cow particularly the fatty acid component.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, many studies have proved that diseases such as Type 2 diabetes and coronary heart disease are associated with a high intake of saturated fatty acids (Krauss et al, 1996). Mapekula et al (2009) studied the fatty acid profiles of Nguni but did not measure them according to parity. Differences in milk composition and quantities are expected in cow in different parities.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effect of parity on the proximate composition and fatty acid profile of milk from Nguni cattle grazing on natural pastures

Rani¹,

Chimonyo²,

Hugo³

et al. 2011

Afr. J. Biotechnol.

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The objective of the study is to establish the effect of parity on milk composition and fatty acid profiles of Nguni cattle milk. Forty-four Nguni cows with parities ranging from 1 to 13 were included in this study. The cows were grouped to three parity groups: parity group 1 (parity 1 to 5), parity group 2 (parity 6 to 9) and parity group 3 (parity 10 to 13). Samples of the milk were collected in a single day and the milk was analyzed using gas chromatography. Parity had no effect of proximate composition (fat, DMC and moisture %) on milk. The fatty acids (FA) present in the milk of the three parity groups were primarily palmitic (33.3 to 40.5%), oleic (16.3 to 20.3%), myristic (12.5 to 13.2%) and stearic (10.8 to 11.7%) acids, in decreasing order of proportion. Milk from parity group 3 cows contained significantly (p < 0.05) higher proportions of butyric, myristoleic, oleic, eicosenoic, conjugated linoleic acid (CLA), arachidonic and eicosopentaenoic acids when compared with the other two parity groups. Parity group 3 also had significantly (p < 0.05) higher values for total SFA, MUFA, PUFA, omega 3 fatty acids and n-6/n-3 ratio than the other two parity groups. Cows in higher parities generally have higher values for individual fatty acids when compared to those in lower parities. Parity is therefore, an important factor that must be considered when assessing milk quality in Nguni cows.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Effect of parity on the proximate composition and fatty acid profile of milk from Nguni cattle grazing on natural pastures

Rani¹,

Chimonyo²,

Hugo³

et al. 2011

Afr. J. Biotechnol.

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“…In fact, in traditional farming system, milk production and marketing are strongly influenced by seasons (Somda et al 2005;Nkya et al 2007;Mapekula et al 2009). …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Risk behaviours for milk-borne diseases transmission along the milk chain in The Gambia and Senegal

Bankolé

Secka

2010

Trop Anim Health Prod

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The objective of this study was the characterisation of the traditional milk chain in Western Region (The Gambia) and Kolda (Southern Senegal); and the analysis of milk chain actors' risk behaviours for milk-borne diseases transmission. For this purpose, cattle herds involved in milk production, milk collectors, milk vendors and small-scale milk processing units were surveyed in the two study sites. A similar general milk chain organisation was found in the two sites with some particularities in farm management, compliance with hygienic measures at different levels, treatment of milk and milk consumption patterns. This results in a variable degree of risk of consumers' exposure to milk-borne diseases. Although the quality of the milk has been improved with the development of small-scale milk processing units, serious efforts are still needed with respect to pasteurisation procedure and to change the mindset of consumers who prefer in their majority drinking raw milk, fresh or soured, without any prior treatment.

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Milk utilisation patterns in the low-input production systems in South Africa

Mapekula

Chimonyo

Mapiye

et al. 2010

Trop Anim Health Prod

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Understanding the utilisation patterns of milk assists in designing appropriate dairy development schemes in rural communities. The objective of the study was to determine milk utilisation patterns in different smallholder farming systems in the Eastern Cape Province of South Africa. Data were collected through the administration of recording sheets to 130 randomly selected households in Alice, Fort Beaufort and Queenstown districts. Amounts of milk produced per household ranged from 9 to 21 l per household per day. Milk consumption/household/day was similar among the three districts. Milk consumption in the early lactation doubled the amount consumed in late lactation (P < 0.05). Milk in the communal areas was largely utilised as fresh or sour milk. Fresh milk was mostly used in tea/coffee or to make porridge for children. Sour milk was consumed with thick boiled maize meal. Fort Beaufort (10.2 +/- 1.37 l/day) had the highest sour milk sales whilst Queenstown had the highest fresh milk sales (9.7 +/- 5.57 l/day). It was concluded that quantities of milk consumed or sold as fresh or sour were generally low and varied across smallholder farming systems.

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Milk production and calf rearing practices in the smallholder areas in the Eastern Cape Province of South Africa

Cited by 23 publications

References 13 publications

Effect of parity on the proximate composition and fatty acid profile of milk from Nguni cattle grazing on natural pastures

Effect of parity on the proximate composition and fatty acid profile of milk from Nguni cattle grazing on natural pastures

Risk behaviours for milk-borne diseases transmission along the milk chain in The Gambia and Senegal

Milk utilisation patterns in the low-input production systems in South Africa

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