“…Above 110 °C, calcium-silicate-hydrates (C-S-H) gel in cement slurry can be transformed into crystalline phases, resulting in a decrease in strength and an increase in permeability (Richardson, 2008;Bahafid et al, 2017;Jeong et al, 2018;Mabeyo, 2021;Kuzielová et al, 2022), which is believed to be the main cause of high temperature strength retrogression of cementitious materials. In the petroleum industry, various materials, such as silica flour, silica fume, rice husk ash, konilite, and basalt, have been added to the cement slurry to address the strength retrogression problem under high temperature (Ge et al, 2018;Paiva et al, 2019;Jiang et al, 2021;Santiago et al, 2021). Among these materials, silica flour is the most commonly used anti-strength retrogression agent and it has been proven to be quite effective for thermal recovery wells where the cement was set at a low temperature before high temperature exposure (Jiang et al, 2021;Santiago et al, 2021).…”