Miller R, <i>Halfway Home: Race, Punishment and the Afterlife of Mass Incarceration</i>

McNeill, Fergus

doi:10.1177/14624745221114157

Cited by 27 publications

(56 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…The term 'supervised individual' appears to occur in literature which seeks to emphasise the 'lived experience' perspective. 1 The phrase captures the involuntary and surveillant nature of probation, alluding to Miller's (2021) notion of the supervised society in which people serving sentences in the community are subjected to ever increasing, intrusive and conditional forms of social control which extend beyond formal periods of punishment. In this sense, the phrase serves to remind us of the power that probation holds over peoples' lives, constrains opportunity and views people through the lens of what McNeill (2019: 209) describes as the 'malopticon', a penal apparatus 'through which the subject is seen badly, is seen as bad and is projected and represented as bad'.…”

Section: Supervised Individualmentioning

confidence: 99%

The role of language in probation: A creative conversation

Phillips

Bower²

2023

Probation Journal

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This discussion piece emerged out of a conversation about the words we use to describe people who are engaged in and by the criminal justice system. It is underpinned by our belief that language, including the ways we describe people, has important effects in the world. The piece consists of two parts: a brief critical introduction, and a creative dialogue which reflects upon ten key words that have been used to describe people on probation.

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Section: Supervised Individualmentioning

confidence: 99%

The role of language in probation: A creative conversation

Phillips

Bower²

2023

Probation Journal

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“…Although perhaps unintended, discriminatory, rigid policy and practice lead to limited employment and housing opportunity, estrangement from family and friends, rejection from communities, and increased recidivism. These circumstances create a maelstrom of barriers to successful reentry and deny far too many formerly incarcerated citizens the opportunity to become productive community participants.Society needs systemic change to disrupt the recidivistic process and, more expansively, the toll on human life and community cohesion (Miller, 2021). A rich and textured knowledge of the lived experiences and perspectives about the stigma of formerly incarcerated individuals is essential to tailoring responses to enhance successful reentry.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Depending on the circumstance, nature of the initial crime, years from the release date, and geography, recidivism rates range from 31%-83% (Clarke, 2019).The impact of having a criminal record on an individual's ability to reengage in the community is a recurring theme documented by research in multiple dimensions of life. People often view formerly incarcerated citizens with contempt, perceive them as threatening, or consider them to have failed as citizens (Crewe, 2022;Miller, 2021;Ricciardelli & Mooney, 2018). It is, therefore, not surprising that stigma and mistrust often are ascribed to individuals with a history of incarceration, irrespective of the reasons for their confinement (Miller, 2021).Policies that unilaterally deny access to viable employment, transportation, and housing reflect this pervasive…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…People often view formerly incarcerated citizens with contempt, perceive them as threatening, or consider them to have failed as citizens (Crewe, 2022;Miller, 2021;Ricciardelli & Mooney, 2018). It is, therefore, not surprising that stigma and mistrust often are ascribed to individuals with a history of incarceration, irrespective of the reasons for their confinement (Miller, 2021).Policies that unilaterally deny access to viable employment, transportation, and housing reflect this pervasive…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Society needs systemic change to disrupt the recidivistic process and, more expansively, the toll on human life and community cohesion (Miller, 2021). A rich and textured knowledge of the lived experiences and perspectives about the stigma of formerly incarcerated individuals is essential to tailoring responses to enhance successful reentry.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Thoughts Beyond Stigma-Implications for Change Reflected in the Voices of Previously Incarcerated Citizens

Frankel¹,

DePoy²

2023

Journal of Qualitative Criminal Justice &Amp; Criminology

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State and federal prisons release more than six hundred thousand people annually, with nearly 95% of those returning to the communities in which they resided before incarceration, albeit frequently with discomfort and marginalization, largely due to stigma (Alexander, 2020;Park & Tietjen, 2021). Programs to foster reintegration exist in almost every locale, yet recidivism remains due to many factors. Stigma has received much attention as a cause of failure for successful reentry and acclimation (Park & Tietjen, 2021). With the surge of interest and empirical study of stigma as a barrier, the voices of returning citizens can further enhance significant theory and knowledge related to stigma to inform successful reentry and adjustment. The purpose of this study was to advance theory regarding the nature of stigma from the perspectives of prior incarcerated informants who also spent varying lengths of time back in their communities after completing a term of incarceration. As is often characteristic of a mixed method study relying on abductive analysis such as that presented herein, the findings often transcend or depart from the original purpose of an inquiry, elevating the richness and theoretical learning to include unexpected results. The study reveals and discusses insights beyond the intended aim of the research.According to contemporary research, stigma is one of the main barriers to successful acclimation to the community following release from incarceration (Alexander, 2020; Park & Teitjen, 2021). Stigma is a complex construct with multiple definitions and origins. What all have in common is the discrediting effect on the stigmatized person. As a result, society ascribes negative stereotypes and public mistrust to the "ex-convict," hampering successful reentry. Although perhaps unintended, discriminatory, rigid policy and practice lead to limited employment and housing opportunity, estrangement from family and friends, rejection from communities, and increased recidivism. These circumstances create a maelstrom of barriers to successful reentry and deny far too many formerly incarcerated citizens the opportunity to become productive community participants.Society needs systemic change to disrupt the recidivistic process and, more expansively, the toll on human life and community cohesion (Miller, 2021). A rich and textured knowledge of the lived experiences and perspectives about the stigma of formerly incarcerated individuals is essential to tailoring responses to enhance successful reentry. Through a systematic inquiry relying on semi-structured interviews and analysis of a sample of previously incarcerated individuals, this study endeavored to learn about the experience, stigma, and subsequent life challenges encountered by returning citizens as the basis for theory and knowledge development to reduce stigma as the foundation for improving successful reentry. The Scope of the ProblemState and federal prisons in the United States release more than six hundred thousand people annually, and nearly 95% return...

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Structural barriers explain the link between negative community re‐entry experiences and motives for illegal behavior in street‐identified Black men and women

Bounoua,

Sadeh,

Payne

et al. 2023

American J of Comm Psychol

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This study examines how the re‐entry process is related to structural barriers in the community and to motives for engaging in illegal behavior—two key risk factors for recidivism. We analyzed survey data collected on perceptions of community re‐entry, employment opportunities, neighborhood violence, and illegal behavior motives from 379 formerly incarcerated and street‐identified Black‐American community members residing in Wilmington, Delaware (Mage = 32.3/8.9 years old; 77.0% men; 100% Black) by employing Street Participatory Action Research (Street PAR) methodology. We found that negative perceptions of re‐entry correlated positively with (i) hardship caused by structural barriers in the community, specifically blocked employment opportunities and neighborhood violence, and (ii) motives for engaging in illegal behavior. Notably, the link between negative perceptions of re‐entry and motives for illegal behavior became significantly weaker when the influence of structural barriers on these individual‐level factors was included in a multivariate model. Results suggest negative views of the re‐entry process reflect the resource‐scarce and stressful environments people are living in, and structural barriers can account for the relationship between negative re‐entry experiences and why individuals are motivated to engage in illegal behavior. Findings underscore the importance of improving the economic conditions of communities with high numbers of returning citizens.

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Miller R, Halfway Home: Race, Punishment and the Afterlife of Mass Incarceration

Cited by 27 publications

References 13 publications

The role of language in probation: A creative conversation

The role of language in probation: A creative conversation

Thoughts Beyond Stigma-Implications for Change Reflected in the Voices of Previously Incarcerated Citizens

Structural barriers explain the link between negative community re‐entry experiences and motives for illegal behavior in street‐identified Black men and women

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