Millimeter wave propagation above the sea surface during the Squirrel campaign

Abstract

This contribution reports about experimental activities during the 2011 Squirrel campaign in the Baltic Sea, where a number of in-and outbound runs of the Mittelgrund research vessel were measured by the Fraunhofer FHR MEMPHIS Radar in sea configuration at both Ka and W band. Aboard the employed vessel, four cornerreflectors (CR) at different heights in forward and backward direction where mounted in order to measure the signature of the CRs along the inbound-and outbound trajectories. The parabolic wave equation modeling software TERPEM was used to model the propagation factor and to compare the measurements against the modeling. The characterization of the oceanographic and meteorological input parameters for the modeling was performed by a large number of sensors operated by the WTD 71. The present contribution provides additional evidence of previously observed propagation phenomena under different operating frequencies. The qualitative behavior of the experimental data was confirmed by established modeling and fits quite well at the location of the performed campaign.

Clutter evalution of unmanned surface vehicles for maritime traffic monitoring

“…Danklmayer et al [17] introduces a novel sea-to-sea wave propagation method to mitigate sea clutter in maritime radar applications. This approach enhances sensing signals, improving radar cross section (RCS) returns for small boats through space diversity effects [18].…”

Observations of anomalous propagation over waters near Sweden

“…A number of measurement campaigns have also been conducted in the Baltic sea, mainly focused on studying evaporation ducts. During these campaigns a combination of in situ measurements, radiosondes, and microwave measurements were performed and reported (see, e.g., Scholz and Förster, 2003;Förster et al, 2004;Essen et al, 2004;Förster and Riechen, 2006;Essen et al, 2012;Danklmayer et al, 2013Danklmayer et al, , 2015Danklmayer et al, , 2016a.…”