Mindfulness-Based Relapse Prevention in a Jail Drug Treatment Program

Lyons, Thomas; Womack, Veronica Y.; Cantrell, Wm Dustin; Kenemore, Thomas K.

doi:10.1080/10826084.2018.1491054

Cited by 24 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 39 publications

(35 reference statements)

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“…Lyons et al 15 studied the effect of mindfulness (yoga and meditation) versus a communication skills session in 189 male prisoners (intervention arm = 88, control arm = 101) on preventing relapse in prisoners; 58% of the enrolled participants were African American with a mean age of 35.8 6 11.3 years. Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and craving scores declined in both arms, and mindfulness increased.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Most of the studies included in this review had larger sample sizes than a similar review published 15 Uebelacker et al (2019) 16 Beth et al (2019) 17 Wimberly et al (2018) 18 Sharma et al (2017) 19 Sarkar et al (2017) 20 Dhawan et al (2015) 21 Reddy et al (2014) 22 Risk of bias arising from randomizaƟon process Risk of bias due to intended intervenƟon (effect of assignment to intervenƟon) Risk of bias due to intended intervenƟon (effect of adhering to intervenƟon) Risk of bias due to missing outcome data in 2013. This updated review of randomized controlled trials provides strong evidence 35 to include yoga as an effective complementary treatment modality in the management of patients with substance use disorder.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Yoga for Substance Use: A Systematic Review

et al. 2021

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Introduction: Substance use disorders (SUDs) are complex interactions between various genetic, environmental, developmental, and social factors. Yoga is recommended as a nonmainstream treatment for many health conditions, including SUDs.Methods: Five databases were searched for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) that evaluated yoga as an intervention in adults with any type of substance use disorder. The interventions being studied included Hatha yoga, Sudarshan Kriya yoga, breathing yoga exercises, and meditation. Studies, where yoga was combined with other interventions were excluded. The effect of yoga as an intervention was analyzed using primary outcomes such as anxiety, pain, and craving. Eight RCTs met the eligibility criteria, and quality analysis was conducted using the Cochrane criteria.Results: Among the 8 final studies eligible for quality analysis, 2 had undefined substance use, while the others were focused on tobacco, alcohol, or opioids. Seven out of 8 studies showed significant results and improved primary outcomes such as anxiety, pain, or substance use. Seven out of the 8 studies showed significant positive outcomes using yoga in conjunction with other pharmacological treatment modalities like opioid substitution therapy.Conclusions: Six out of 8 studies showed low concerns, while 2 studies showed some concerns about the risk of bias judgment. Although the results look encouraging, RCTs with larger sample size are needed to better evaluate the effectiveness of yoga as a treatment modality for substance use.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Yoga for Substance Use: A Systematic Review

et al. 2021

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“…Furthermore, because the mediation relationships did not hold up over our 5-year study, we suggest that relapse prevention efforts ("booster sessions") over time may be especially important. Relapse prevention efforts (e.g., Lyons et al, 2019) can help clients maintain personality-guided cognitions and behaviors relevant to eliciting needed health-related social support or teach new behaviors as the individual's situation changes over time (e.g., finding a new jogging partner after relocation to a new city). Research on interventions is essential and randomized trials would be especially helpful in examining the effectiveness of interventions over time.…”

Section: Future Directions Applications and Conclusionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Longitudinal Examination of Social Support as a Mediator of the Personality-Health Relationship in a National Sample of African Americans

Clark

Knott

et al. 2020

Journal of Black Psychology

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The present study investigates whether social support mediates the relationship between personality traits and health among African Americans over a 5-year period, filling a gap in the literature on longitudinal tests of the personality-health association. Data were collected from a national probability sample of African American adults ( N = 200). Personality was assessed at Time 1 (T1), social support was assessed 2.5 years later (T2), and physical functioning was examined 5 years (T3) after T1. Telephone surveys included measures of the five-factor model personality traits (T1), social support (T2), and physical functioning (T3). Results suggested that relationships between the T1 personality traits and T3 physical functioning were not mediated by T2 social support. Secondary analyses found that among all T1 personality traits, higher openness and lower neuroticism uniquely predicted higher T2 social support. Furthermore, among T1 personality traits, higher conscientiousness uniquely predicted better T3 physical functioning. This information may be useful to health care providers and community members in developing prevention and intervention strategies for African Americans.

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“…Second, the National Trajectory Project examined the NCR population in Canada and found (1) the most common primary diagnosis was a psychotic spectrum disorder, (2) 33% had a severe mental illness and an associated substance use disorder, and (3) 72% had at least one prior psychiatric hospitalization (15). Mindfulness interventions have been used with both incarcerated [e.g., (16)(17)(18)(19)(20)(21)(22)] and psychiatric [e.g., (23)(24)(25)(26)(27)] populations, and there is a larger body of research into their effectiveness.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluating the Use of Mindfulness and Yoga Training on Forensic Inpatients: A Pilot Study

et al. 2020

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Forensic inpatients (i. e., individuals found not responsible for a criminal offense on account of mental illness) represent an often marginalized and difficult-to-treat population. This has led to the need for research exploring the effectiveness of novel interventions. A Canadian forensic hospital has developed an 8-weeks mindfulness and yoga training program (MTP). This pilot study examined the potential effects of this program on patients' mindfulness, stress, and use of cognitive and emotion regulation strategies. A sample of 13 forensic inpatients (male = 92%) participating in the MTP program completed self-report measures assessing dispositional mindfulness, perceived stress, and use of cognitive emotion regulation strategies at baseline, post-intervention, and a 3-months follow-up. Repeated measure ANOVAs found a significant increase in the describe facet of mindfulness (p = 0.03) with a large effect size (ηp2 = 0.26) and a significant decrease in stress (p = 0.003) with a large effect size (ηp2 = 0.39). Pairwise comparisons revealed medium to large significant changes between baseline and post-intervention for both the describe facet (p = 0.03, Hedge's g = 0.55) and stress (p = 0.003, Hedge's g = 0.70). However, comparisons were insignificant between baseline and follow-up. No significant main effects were found on the use of cognitive emotion regulation strategies. This pilot study offers preliminary support for the use of the MTP as an adjunctive therapy in forensic inpatient treatment. Further investigation is needed into the long-term impacts of this training.

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Mindfulness-Based Relapse Prevention in a Jail Drug Treatment Program

Cited by 24 publications

References 39 publications

Yoga for Substance Use: A Systematic Review

Yoga for Substance Use: A Systematic Review

A Longitudinal Examination of Social Support as a Mediator of the Personality-Health Relationship in a National Sample of African Americans

Evaluating the Use of Mindfulness and Yoga Training on Forensic Inpatients: A Pilot Study

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