“…Note that the sensory systems (also called navigation systems) may exceed the perception system that the robot needs to fulfill a mission, in what Haykin et al call the information gap (Haykin et al, 2012). To deepen further about perception systems in robot engineering, the reader is referred to (Antonelli et al, 2001;Conte et al, 1994;Borenstein and Koren, 1991;Warren, 1999;Yoerger et al, 1996;Hyland and Taylor, 1993;Panait and Luke, 2005;Villar et al, 2013). Another necessary building block is a low-level trajectory generator from the next target position and the robot's current position, referred to as the guidance system.…”