Mine Waste‐Based Next Generation Bricks: A Case Study of Iron Ore Tailings, Red Mudand GGBS Utilization in Bricks

Beulah, M.; Sudhir, M. R.; Mohan, Mothi Krishna; Gayathri, G.; Jain, Deekshith

doi:10.1155/2021/9499613

Cited by 10 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…Geopolymerized bricks made of different waste have been intensively studied in recent years, such as industrial aggregates [90], fly ash, construction and demolition waste [89], tailings [91][92][93][94][95][96], etc.…”

Section: Geopolymers Masonry Unitsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The chemical and mineralogical content of mining waste investigated by the authors [41,48,[50][51][52]54,56,62,[75][76][77][78]82,83] is shown in Table 1, Figures 3 and 4. waste [89], tailings [91][92][93][94][95][96], etc.…”

Section: Mining Waste Used For Masonry Unit's Productionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The authors Beulah et al [93] studied the geopolymer bricks made of IOT and red bricks with admixture of ground granulated blast furnace slag (GGBS). The optimum mix of bricks consisted of 70% of red clay/IOT and 30% GGBS.…”

Section: Mining Waste For Geopolymer Masonry Unitsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Recycling of Mining Waste in the Production of Masonry Units

et al. 2022

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Masonry units made of clay or Autoclaved Aerated Concrete (AAC) are widely used in constructions from Romania and other countries. Masonry units with superior mechanical and thermal characteristics can improve the energy efficiency of buildings, especially when they are used as the main solutions for building envelope construction. Their production in recent years has increased vertiginously to meet the increased demand. Manufactured with diversified geometries, different mechanical and/or thermal characteristics have a high volume in the mass of the building and a major influence in their carbon footprint. Starting from the current context regarding the target imposed by the long-term strategy of built environment decarbonization, the aim of the paper is to analyze the potential of reusing mining waste in the production of masonry units. Mining waste represents the highest share of waste generated at national level and may represent a valuable resource for the construction industry, facilitating the creation of new jobs and support for economic development. This review presents the interest in integrating mining wastes in masonry unit production and the technical characteristics of the masonry units in which they have been used as raw materials in different percentages. Critical assessment framework using SWOT analysis highlights the key sustainability aspects (technical, environmental, social, economic) providing a comprehensive and systematic analysis of the advantages and disadvantages regarding the integration of mining waste as secondary raw materials into masonry units production.

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Section: Geopolymers Masonry Unitsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Mining Waste Used For Masonry Unit's Productionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Recycling of Mining Waste in the Production of Masonry Units

et al. 2022

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“…Alkali activation is a promising strategy that can utilize the aluminosilicates in the mine tailings to produce a beneficial construction material instead of the tailings just acting as a filler [7][8][9]. The alkali activator is a strongly alkaline solution used to depolymerize the aluminosilicates in the waste material, which produces silicate and aluminate monomers.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Improvements in Hydrolytic Stability of Alkali-Activated Mine Tailings via Addition of Sodium Silicate Activator

Clements,

Tunstall,

Bolanos Sosa

et al. 2024

Polymers

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Over 14 billion tons of mine tailings are produced throughout the world each year, and this type of waste is generally stored onsite indefinitely. Alkali activation is a promising strategy for the reuse of mine tailings to produce construction materials, converting this waste stream into a value-added product. One major problem with alkali-activated mine tailings is their low durability in water (i.e., low hydrolytic stability). In this article, the influence of a mixed sodium hydroxide/sodium silicate alkali activator on the compressive strength, hydrolytic stability, and microstructure of alkali-activated materials (AAMs) were systematically investigated. XRD, FTIR, NMR, and NAD were used to investigate microstructural changes, and a water immersion test was used to show improvements in hydrolytic stability. For gold mine tailings activated with pure sodium hydroxide, the compressive strength was 15 MPa and a seven-day water immersion test caused a strength loss of 70%. With an addition of 1 M sodium silicate in the activator, the AAMs achieved a compressive strength of over 30 MPa and strength loss of only 45%. This paper proposes a mechanism explaining why the strength and hydrolytic stability of AAMs are dependent on the dosage of soluble silicate. A high dosage of sodium silicate inhibits the depolymerization of the source material, which results in a sample with less amorphous aluminosilicate gel and, therefore, lower hydrolytic stability.

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“…The key to solving environmental problems in red mud disposal is to develop technologies that can directly consume large quantities of red mud or convert it into a secondary resource for reuse. Currently, in the engineering field, red mud is mainly used in the manufacture of bricks and ceramics or as a raw material for road base material [ 8 , 9 , 10 , 11 ]. Ou et al [ 12 ] blended red mud with bauxite tailings and cement with different mass ratios to develop new road base materials, and the results showed that the 7-day unconfined compressive strength (UCS) was 3.03 MPa at a ratio of red mud to bauxite tailings of 2:1, which met the strength requirements of low-grade roads of class II and below.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of the Synergistic Effect on the Strength Characteristics of Modified Red Mud-Based Stabilized Soil

Chen,

Jiang,

et al. 2023

Materials

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Based on the existing research results, this research team developed roadbed stabilized soil materials using nano-SiO2 synergistically modified red mud in order to study whether the strength of the stabilized soil materials meets the strength requirements of the roadbed materials, and at the same time, analyze its strength characteristics to make the feasibility of it being used as a roadbed material clear. Through different combination schemes, the effects of different nano-SiO2 and cement contents on the strength of the stabilized materials were explored. The test results show the following: In the synergistic modification of nano-SiO2 and cement, nano-SiO2 can significantly improve the early unconfined compressive strength of red mud-based stabilized soil. In the synergistic modification of nano-SiO2, gypsum, and cement, the 7 d unconfined compressive strength of red mud-based stabilized soil is greater than 2 MPa, which meets the strength requirements of road base materials and shows the superiority of synergism. The nominal stress–strain curves are divided into five stages: compressed and compacted stage, elastic deformation stage, plastic deformation stage, damage deformation stage, and residual deformation stage. The macroscopic compressive damage pattern of the specimens shows that the modified red mud-based stabilized soil mostly exhibits brittle damage. Tests have shown that the strength of modified terracotta-based stabilized soil meets the requirements of roadbed strength.

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Mine Waste‐Based Next Generation Bricks: A Case Study of Iron Ore Tailings, Red Mudand GGBS Utilization in Bricks

Cited by 10 publications

References 21 publications

Recycling of Mining Waste in the Production of Masonry Units

Recycling of Mining Waste in the Production of Masonry Units

Improvements in Hydrolytic Stability of Alkali-Activated Mine Tailings via Addition of Sodium Silicate Activator

Analysis of the Synergistic Effect on the Strength Characteristics of Modified Red Mud-Based Stabilized Soil

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