Mineral and heavy metal contents of the outer and inner tissues of commonly used fruits

Abstract

The rate of heavy metal pollution in some minor fruit samples growing at roadsides in Turkey were determined by inductively coupled plasma-atomic emission spectrometry (ICP-AES). The mineral contents of samples were found to be different depending on the several parts Citrus fruits. The highest minor and heavy metal levels for Citrus fruits were determined between 17.24 and 45.30 mg/kg boron, 2.08 and 15.05 mg/kg copper, 1.01 and 16.00 mg/kg iron and 2.35 and 9.87 mg/kg zinc. Boron content ranged from 16.54 mg/kg (Deveci pear inner pulp) to 89.89 mg/kg (Arjantin apple outer skin). The level of Fe ranged from 1.49 mg/kg (quince pulp) to 25.05 mg/kg (Ankara pear pulp). Cu content of fruits ranged between 2.52 mg/kg (Fuji apple skin) and 25.93 mg/kg quince skin). Zn content was found between 0.46 mg/kg (Golden apple pulp) and 14.34 mg/kg (quince skin). P contents ranged from 651 mg/kg (Golden apple pulp) to 1269 mg/kg (quince skin). Na was found between 500 mg/kg (Fuji apple skin) and 907 mg/kg (Arjantin apple skin).

The multielement analysis of the apple peel using ICP-OES method

“…Our results for Ni are slightly higher than the results given by Ozcan et al, [49] (90.23-0.70 mgkg -1 ). As known, same areas where there is a human activity have the heavy metal pollution due to different sources such as home wastes, straw and traffic wastes.…”

Determination of macro, micro and trace elements in citrus fruits by inductively coupled plasma–optical emission spectrometry (ICP‐OES), ICP–mass spectrometry and direct mercury analyzer

“…Concentrations of the analyzed macro elements were generally closely related among all analyzed samples of citrus fruits. A similar trend of macro nutritional elements was also reported in the literature for some citrus fruits from Turkey . The concentrations of K (95.13–270.4 mg kg −1 ), and Ca (10.57–75.29 mg kg −1 ) were the most abundant, followed by P (9.27–47.30 mg kg −1 ), Mg (7.50–26.42 mg kg −1 ), Na (2.26–10.62 mg kg −1 ), S (2.12–6.97 mg kg −1 ), Fe (0.12–2.51 mg kg −1 ) and Al (0.06–0.59 mg kg −1 ) (Table ).…”

Measurement and analysis of mineral and heavy metal components in grape cultivars by inductively coupled plasma-optical emission spectrometer (ICP-OES)

“…Metals are present in foods either naturally or as a result of human activities such as agricultural practices, industrial emissions, car exhausts, or contamination during manufacture. Trace element and heavy metal pollution levels arising from natural and industrial wastes were recorded in some vegetables, fruits and leaf samples at all sampling places (Ozcan et al 2012). The levels of nickel and lead in grape cultivars were little and cadmium was not detected at all.…”

“…Environmental pollution is the main cause of heavy metal contamination in the food chain (Bingol et al 2010). Several factors such as exhaustion gases, industry wastes and waste water polluted plants affect heavy metal contents of fruits (Ozcan et al 2012). In addition, contaminated sediments are one of the several means through which soils are enriched with heavy metal (Moore and Luoma 1990).…”