Mineral carbonation of PGM mine tailings for CO2 storage in South Africa: A case study

Meyer, Nicole A.; Vogeli, Jacques; Becker, Megan; Broadhurst, Jennifer L.; Reid, David L.; Franzidis, J.-P.

doi:10.1016/j.mineng.2013.10.014

Cited by 62 publications

(48 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…Whilst containing undesired ions, pH is usually adjusted prior to carbonation, to precipitate the undesired ions out of the solution. Once only the desired ions remain, CO 2 is injected at high pH (pH 8 to 12) to achieve maximum CO 2 absorption [12][13][14][15]. Through this manner, high quality of products is formed, making it feasible for actual industrial application [9].…”

Section: Theoretical Frameworkmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It is evident from the studies mentioned that the efficiency of carbon dioxide sequestration is highly dependent on the availability of ions capable of forming carbonates. A study on mine tailings obtained from a platinum group mineral (PGM) ore processing plant highlighted that, although carbonation rates of near completion (96-98%) for calcium and iron have been achieved, the transfer of ions in solution remained to be the determining step [13]. Process improvements have been performed in order to address this drawback; several leaching agents have been analyzed, both organic and inorganic acids, in order to increase the transfer of carbonation ions into the liquid matrix.…”

Section: Theoretical Frameworkmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Determination of the Carbon Dioxide Sequestration Potential of a Nickel Mine Mixed Dump through Leaching Tests

et al. 2019

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Carbon dioxide sequestration via mineralization is one of the methods that has the capability to efficiently store carbon dioxide in a stable form. A mixed dump sample collected from a nickel laterite mine in Southern Philippines was tested for its carbon dioxide sequestration potential through HCl leaching tests, employing the Face-Centered Cube (FCC) experimental design for Response Surface Methodology (RSM). Mineralogical analysis performed through X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis suggests the presence of three minerals, namely goethite, khademite and lizardite; additional X-ray fluorescence (XRF) and inductively-coupled plasma optical emission spectroscopy (ICP-OES) results, however, established goethite as the main component due to the dominance of iron in the sample. Morphological analyses performed through a scanning electron microscope (SEM) and the Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET) method suggest high accessible surface area despite considerable variability in sample composition. Leaching tests further confirmed the high reactivity of the mixed dump as high extraction rates were obtained for iron, with the maximum iron extraction efficiency of 95.37% reported at 100 °C, 2.5 M, and 2.5 h. The carbon dioxide sequestration potential of the mixed dump was reported as the amount of CO2 that can be sequestered per amount of sample, which was calculated to be 327.2 mg CO2/g sample using the maximum iron extraction obtained experimentally.

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Section: Theoretical Frameworkmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Theoretical Frameworkmentioning

confidence: 99%

Determination of the Carbon Dioxide Sequestration Potential of a Nickel Mine Mixed Dump through Leaching Tests

et al. 2019

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“…The major cations in the tailings were those of Ca, Fe, and Mg. While carbonation was possible, the overall conversions were low (3-30 %), predominantly due to the low Mg extraction levels during the acid leaching step [149]. Much of the Mg was contained within orthopyroxene, which was fairly unreactive and, thus, ultimately responsible for the low conversion values.…”

Section: Mining and Industrial Wastementioning

confidence: 99%

Mineralization of Carbon Dioxide: A Literature Review

et al. 2015

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Research on carbon capture and storage has been focused on CO 2 storage in geologic formations, with many potential risks. An alternative to conventional geologic storage is carbon mineralization, where CO 2 is reacted with metal cations to form carbonate minerals. Mineralization methods can be broadly divided into two categories: in situ and ex situ. In situ mineralization, or mineral trapping, is a component of underground geologic sequestration, in which a portion of the injected CO 2 reacts with alkaline rock present in the target formation to form solid carbonate species. In ex situ mineralization, the carbonation reaction occurs above ground, within a separate reactor or industrial process. This literature review is meant to provide an update on the current status of research on CO 2 mineralization.

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“…The tailings produced during mineral processing of non-ferrous ores, such as nickel and platinum group metals (PGM), can also contain significant amounts of magnesium silicates, and thus are potential carbon sinks. Meyer et al [86] presented results on carbonation using the two-stage pH-swing of Mg-orthopyroxene rich tailings generated during the processing of platinum ores from South Africa. For the cation extraction, organic (oxalic and EDTA) and HCl solutions were used, followed by NaOH addition for pH adjustment before carbonation.…”

Section: Mining Tailings and Asbestos Containing Materialsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent developments and perspectives on the treatment of industrial wastes by mineral carbonation — a review

2013

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Besides producing a substantial portion of anthropogenic CO2 emissions, the industrial sector also generates significant quantities of solid residues. Mineral carbonation of alkaline wastes enables the combination of these two by-products, increasing the sustainability of industrial activities. On top of sequestering CO2 in geochemically stable form, mineral carbonation of waste materials also brings benefits such as stabilization of leaching, basicity and structural integrity, enabling further valorization of the residues, either via reduced waste treatment or landfilling costs, or via the production of marketable products. This paper reviews the current state-of-the-art of this technology and the latest developments in this field. Focus is given to the beneficial effects of mineral carbonation when applied to metallurgical slags, incineration ashes, mining tailings, asbestos containing materials, red mud, and oil shale processing residues. Efforts to intensify the carbonation reaction rate and improve the mineral conversion via process intensification routes, such as the application of ultrasound, hot-stage processing and integrated reactor technologies, are described. Valorization opportunities closest to making the transition from laboratory research to commercial reality, particularly in the form of shaped construction materials and precipitated calcium carbonate, are highlighted. Lastly, the context of mineral carbonation among the range of CCS options is discussed.

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Mineral carbonation of PGM mine tailings for CO2 storage in South Africa: A case study

Cited by 62 publications

References 25 publications

Determination of the Carbon Dioxide Sequestration Potential of a Nickel Mine Mixed Dump through Leaching Tests

Determination of the Carbon Dioxide Sequestration Potential of a Nickel Mine Mixed Dump through Leaching Tests

Mineralization of Carbon Dioxide: A Literature Review

Recent developments and perspectives on the treatment of industrial wastes by mineral carbonation — a review

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