Mineral composition of pollen using inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopy

Paulo, L.; Antunes, P.; Anjos, Ofélia

doi:10.1055/s-0034-1394851

Cited by 3 publications

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“…Method 4: for Inductively coupled argon plasma-atomic emission spectrometry (ICP-AES): Paulo et al (2012Paulo et al ( , 2014 1. 200 mg of dry bee pollen digest with a mixture of nitric acid (10% v/v) and hydrogen peroxide (30% v/v) at 100 C in a block digestion system (Digiprep MS) until complete digestion (12 h).…”

Section: Sample Preparationmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Standard methods for pollen research

Campos

Anjos

Chica

et al. 2021

Journal of Apicultural Research

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Bee pollen" is pollen collected from flowers by honey bees. It is used by the bees to nourish themselves, mainly by providing royal jelly and brood food, but it is also used for human nutrition. For the latter purpose, it is collected at the hive entrance as pellets that the bees bring to the hive. Bee pollen has diverse bioactivities, and thus has been used as a health food, and even as medication in some countries. In this paper, we provide standard methods for carrying out research on bee pollen. First, we introduce a method for the production and storage of bee pollen which assures quality of the product. Routine methods are then provided for the identification of the pollen's floral sources, and determination of the more important quality criteria such as water content and content of proteins, carbohydrates, fatty acids, vitamins, alkaloids, phenolic and polyphenolic compounds. Finally, methods are described for the determination of some important bioactivities of bee pollen such as its antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial and antimutagenic properties. M etodos est andar Para la investigaci on del polenEl "polen de abeja" es el polen recogido de las flores por las abejas mel ıferas. El polen de abeja es utilizado para nutrir a las propias abejas, principalmente para proporcionar jalea real y alimento para las cr ıas, pero tambi en se utiliza para la nutrici on humana. Para este ultimo fin, se recoge en la entrada de la colmena en forma de gr anulos que las abejas llevan a la colmena. El polen de abeja tiene diversas bioactividades, por lo que se hautilizado como alimento para la salud, e incluso como medicamento en algunos pa ıses. En este art ıculo, proporcionamos m etodos est andar para llevar a cabo investigaciones sobre el polen de abeja. En primer lugar, presentamos un m etodo de producci on y almacenamiento de polen de abeja que garantiza la calidad del producto. A continuaci on, se ofrecen m etodos de rutina para la identificaci on de las fuentes florales del polen y la determinaci on de los criterios de calidad m as importantes, como el contenido de

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Section: Sample Preparationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopy (ICP-AES) methods. Method I (Paulo et al, 2012(Paulo et al, , 2014):…”

Section: Equipmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Standard methods for pollen research

Campos

Anjos

Chica

et al. 2021

Journal of Apicultural Research

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Neglected Mediterranean plant species are valuable resources: the example of Cistus ladanifer

Raimundo

Frazão

Domingues

et al. 2018

Planta

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The combination of genotypic selection, targeted and improved cultivation, and processing techniques for specific applications gives C. ladanifer the potential to be used as a valuable resource in Mediterranean areas with poor agronomic advantages. Cistus ladanifer (rockrose) is a perennial shrub, well adapted to the Mediterranean climate and possibly to upcoming environmental changes. As a sequence to a thorough review on taxonomic, morphological, chemical and competitive aspects of C. ladanifer, the research team focuses here on the economic potential of C. ladanifer: from production to applications, highlighting also known biological activities of extracts and their compounds. The use of this natural resource may be a viable solution for poor and contaminated soils with no need for large agricultural techniques, because this species is highly resistant to pests, diseases and extreme environmental factors. In addition, this species reveals interesting aptitudes that can be applied to food, pharmaceutical, phytochemical and biofuel industries. The final synthesis highlights research lines toward the exploitation of this neglected resource, such as selection of plant lines for specific applications and development of agronomic and processing techniques.

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Ecological stoichiometry of the honeybee: Pollen diversity and adequate species composition are needed to mitigate limitations imposed on the growth and development of bees by pollen quality

et al. 2017

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The least understood aspects of the nutritional needs of bees are the elemental composition of pollen and the bees’ need for a stoichiometrically balanced diet containing the required proportions of nutrients. Reduced plant diversity has been proposed as an indirect factor responsible for the pollinator crisis. We suggest stoichiometric mismatch resulting from a nutritionally unbalanced diet as a potential direct factor. The concentrations and stoichiometric ratios of C, N, S, P, K, Na, Ca, Mg, Fe, Zn, Mn, and Cu were studied in the bodies of honeybees of various castes and sexes and in the nectar and pollen of various plant species. A literature review of the elemental composition of pollen was performed. We identified possible co-limitations of bee growth and development resulting mainly from the scarcity of Na, S, Cu, P and K, and possibly Zn and N, in pollen. Particular castes and sexes face specific limitations. Concentrations of potentially limiting elements in pollen revealed high taxonomic diversity. High floral diversity may be necessary to maintain populations of pollen eaters. Single-species crop plantations, even if these species are rich in nectar and pollen, might limit bee growth and development, not allowing for gathering nutrients in adequate proportions. However, particular plant species may play greater roles than others in balancing honeybee diets. Therefore, we suggest specific plant species that may (1) ensure optimal growth and production of individuals by producing pollen that is exceptionally well balanced stoichiometrically (e.g., clover) or (2) prevent growth and development of honeybees by producing pollen that is extremely unbalanced for bees (e.g., sunflower). Since pollen is generally poor in Na, this element must be supplemented using “dirty water”. Nectar cannot supplement the diet with limiting elements. Stoichiometric mismatch should be considered in intervention strategies aimed at improving the nutritional base for bees.

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Mineral composition of pollen using inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopy

Cited by 3 publications

References 0 publications

Standard methods for pollen research

Standard methods for pollen research

Neglected Mediterranean plant species are valuable resources: the example of Cistus ladanifer

Ecological stoichiometry of the honeybee: Pollen diversity and adequate species composition are needed to mitigate limitations imposed on the growth and development of bees by pollen quality

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