Mineral deficiencies influence on tomato leaves: pigments, hydrogen peroxide and total phenolic compounds contents

Abstract

The detection of hydrogen peroxide, chlorophyll pigments, anthocynin, carotenoids, total phenolic compounds and lipid peroxidation levels as potential stress signaling molecules in tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.) leaves in response to specific mineral deficiency were studied. The stress signaling molecules were measured in the plant leaves at different growth time points cultured in specific mineral deficient nutrient solutions. The results showed that hydrogen peroxide was significantly increased after 48 and 72h of growth in NO 3¯ and S deficient nutrient solutions. While the significant accumulation of H 2 O 2 in the plant leaves was observed after 72h and 96h of growth in K + deficient nutrient solution. 2¯ and NO 3¯ specific deficiencies after 48h and in the case of Mg 2+ deficiency after 72h. Meanwhile, SO 4 2¯d eficiency caused the significant increase of both after 72h and 96h. Regarding TPC the results clarified that Mg 2+ , Ca 2+ and K + specific deficiencies caused significant reductions that appeared after 48h. In contrast, S deficiency caused significant increase in TPC values after 72h. On the other hand, the estimated levels of MDA showed significant increment under Ca 2+ and K + and PO 4 2¯ specific deficiencies at all time points while in the case of Mg 2+ and Fe deficiencies the increment was first reported after 48h and with the later one (Fe) the increment continues up to 96h. These results indicate that some of presented metabolites could be used as stress markers. These results support the possible role of anthocyanins, carotenoids, hydrogen peroxide, total phenolic compounds contents and MDA as early signaling metabolites in tomato plants under specific mineral deficiency.

Effect of various abiotic stressors on some biochemical indices of Lepidium sativum plants

“…Similar to most of our results, it was reported that the levels of endogenous anthocyanins in foliage are stimulated by different abiotic factors 10 , 19 . However, contrast results of elevated anthocyanin content in response to long-term exposure (6 weeks) to temperature 20 or to the synergetic effect of high temperature and duration of cultivation 21 was reported.…”

“…Under the latter stressor, anthocyanin and carotenoids contents, MDA and protein content decreased, while under low temperature anthocyanin and carotenoids contents increased and the other indices were decreased. www.nature.com/scientificreports/ Similar to most of our results, it was reported that the levels of endogenous anthocyanins in foliage are stimulated by different abiotic factors 10,19 . However, contrast results of elevated anthocyanin content in response to long-term exposure (6 weeks) to temperature 20 or to the synergetic effect of high temperature and duration of cultivation 21 was reported.…”

“…Both systems cooperate to form a complementary mechanism that controls the concentrations of ROS in the organism. Previous attempts on abiotic stress factors 7 , 10 – 12 evaluated different mechanisms by which plants tolerate different levels of various stresses including enzymatic, nonenzymatic and photosynthetic mechanisms such as alteration in pigment content and chlorophyll fluorescence. Ascorbate peroxidases (APXs) are a group of antioxidant enzymes in plants.…”

Critical Leaf Magnesium Thresholds and the Impact of Magnesium on Plant Growth and Photo-Oxidative Defense: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis From 70 Years of Research

“…Nonetheless, the ROS–antioxidant balance within different compartments of photosynthetically active cells is a highly dynamic system (temporal as well as spatial) and might therefore not be adequately reflected by static measurements. For instance, studies that investigated time courses of ROS accumulation and enzyme activities during the onset of Mg deficiency found different antioxidant enzyme activities as well as ascorbate, glutathione or ROS concentrations depending on the time after the onset of Mg deficiency (Anza et al, 2005; Alsharafa, 2017; da Silva et al, 2017). Hence, contradictory results might also be explained by different experimental setups and further dependencies e.g., on the sampling date or day time of sampling or interrelations to other metabolic cycles such as nitrogen assimilation and photorespiration are likely.…”

Efficacy of Sterculia diversifolia Leaf Extracts: Volatile Compounds, Antioxidant and Anti-Inflammatory Activity, and Green Synthesis of Potential Antibacterial Silver Nanoparticles

“…The importance for measuring the photosynthetic pigment contents may be to infer some physiological signals that could be extensively employed in stress detection [ 47 ]. Moreover, chlorophyll parameters also provide an indication of nutritional status [ 48 ]. In addition, the accumulation of carotenoids is regarded to suppress the oxidation caused by oxidative stress [ 49 ].…”