Mineral matter in coal and the thermal performance of large boilers

Wall, Terry; Lowe, A.; Wibberley, L. J.; Stewart, Ian

doi:10.1016/0360-1285(79)90017-0

Cited by 89 publications

(44 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…The details regarding the various mechanisms associated with deposit formation and important elements and mineral species in fuels that contribute to slagging and fouling are well documented in the literature [15][16][17][18][19]. A number of these studies reveal that the formation of an initial melt phase greatly expedites the accumulation of ash deposits on boiler tubes, with a melt phase of as little as 10% enough to initiate extensive deposit formation [20].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prediction of biomass ash fusion behaviour by the use of detailed characterisation methods coupled with thermodynamic analysis

Rizvi

Xing

Pourkashanian

et al. 2015

Fuel

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ReuseUnless indicated otherwise, fulltext items are protected by copyright with all rights reserved. The copyright exception in section 29 of the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988 allows the making of a single copy solely for the purpose of non-commercial research or private study within the limits of fair dealing. The publisher or other rights-holder may allow further reproduction and re-use of this version -refer to the White Rose Research Online record for this item. Where records identify the publisher as the copyright holder, users can verify any specific terms of use on the publisher's website. TakedownIf you consider content in White Rose Research Online to be in breach of UK law, please notify us by emailing eprints@whiterose.ac.uk including the URL of the record and the reason for the withdrawal request. AbstractAsh deposition such as slagging and fouling on boiler tube surfaces is an inevitable, though undesirable consequence of burning solid fuels in boilers. The role of fuel characteristics, in affecting the form and severity of the problem, is significant. In recent years, biomass fuels have gained increasing popularity as an environmentally friendly source of energy in power plants all over the world. This study is based on characterising the fusion behaviour of four biomass fuels (pine wood, peanut shells, sunflower stalk and miscanthus) using ash fusion temperature (AFT) tests, simultaneous thermal analysis (STA) of fuel ashes, calculation of empirical indices and predicting ash melting behaviour with the help of thermodynamic equilibrium calculations. The AFT results failed to show any clear trend between fusion temperature and high alkali content of biomass. STA proved useful in predicting the different changes occurring in the ash. Empirical indices predicted high slagging and fouling hazards for nearly all the biomass samples and this was supported by the possible existence of a melt phase at low temperatures as predicted by thermodynamic calculations.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prediction of biomass ash fusion behaviour by the use of detailed characterisation methods coupled with thermodynamic analysis

Rizvi

Xing

Pourkashanian

et al. 2015

Fuel

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“…Depending on the specific mineral species found, the resultant fly ash can present significant problems in corrosion and f o u h g of various sections in a coal-fired boiler (Sondreal et al, 1977) and can contribute significantly to the particulate pollutant loadings of many hazardous or visibility-degrading materials. The mineral content of coal varies widely, not only with coal type and geographical site, but within specific samples of coals mined at the same location (Shibaoka and Ramsden, 1977;Gluskoter, 1978;Pohl, 1979;Wall et al, 1979). Depending on the relative content of major and minor ash species and their chemical speciation, coals of "equivalent" ash content can, in turn, have significantly different impacts on fly-ash generation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Mineral matter in coal is found as both large, micrometer-scale inclusions that are physically distinct from the organic matter and as constituents that are chemically bound to the organic structure of the coal. Whle the form in which the mineral matter is found does not exclusively determine the resultant fly-ash characteristics, it can and does have a significant effect (Pohl, 1979;Wall et al, 1979).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Coal Type and Residence Time on the Submicron Aerosol Distribution from Pulverized Coal Combustion

Linak

Peterson

1984

Aerosol Science and Technology

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Three types of pulverized coal were burned in a laboratory furnace under various combustion configurations. Pulverized samples of Utah bituminous, Beulah (North Dakota) lignite, and Texas lignite coals were burned at a rate of 2.5 kg/hr in a laboratory furnace. Aerosol sue distributions were measured at various positions within the convection section, and temperature and gas compositions were measured throughout. The evolution of the submicron particle size distribution within the convection section for the three coals was similar, although the location of the initial particle mode at the convection section inlet varied with coal type. While staged combustion of Utah bituminous coal had a variable effect on the volume of submicron aerosol produced, staged combustion of the lignites caused a definite increase in the submicron aerosol volume. Vapor enhancement due to a localized reducing atmosphere, yhich would effect coals of higher ash volatility, is thought to explain this behavior.

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“…The submicron fume is typically only 1-7% of the total fly ash mass but has a very high particle number density (McNallan, et. al., 1981, Wall, et. al., 1979.…”

Section: Particle Size Distributionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

NOx, FINE PARTICLE AND TOXIC METAL EMISSIONS FROM THE COMBUSTION OF SEWAGE SLUDGE/COAL MIXTURES: A SYSTEMATIC ASSESSMENT

Wendt¹

2001

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This research project focuses on pollutants from the combustion of mixtures of dried municipal sewage sludge (MSS) and coal. The objective is to determine the relationship between 1) fraction sludge in the sludge/coal mixture, and 2) combustion conditions on a) NOx concentrations in the exhaust, b) the size segregated fine and ultra-fine particle composition in the exhaust, and c) the partitioning of toxic metals between vapor and condenses phases, within the process. To this end we shall use an existing 17kW downflow laboratory combustor, available with coal and sludge feed capabilities. The proposed study will be conducted in concert with an existing ongoing research on toxic metal partitioning mechanisms for very well characterized pulverized coals alone. Both high NOx and low NOx combustion conditions will be investigated (unstaged and staged combustion). The proposed work uses existing analytical and experimental facilities and draws on 20 years of research on NO x and fine particles that has been funded by DOE in this laboratory. Four barrels of dried sewage sludge are currently in the laboratory. Insofar as possible pertinent mechanisms will be elucidated. Tradeoffs between CO 2 control, NO x control, and inorganic fine particle and toxic metal emissions will be determined.

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Mineral matter in coal and the thermal performance of large boilers

Cited by 89 publications

References 10 publications

Prediction of biomass ash fusion behaviour by the use of detailed characterisation methods coupled with thermodynamic analysis

Prediction of biomass ash fusion behaviour by the use of detailed characterisation methods coupled with thermodynamic analysis

Effect of Coal Type and Residence Time on the Submicron Aerosol Distribution from Pulverized Coal Combustion

NOx, FINE PARTICLE AND TOXIC METAL EMISSIONS FROM THE COMBUSTION OF SEWAGE SLUDGE/COAL MIXTURES: A SYSTEMATIC ASSESSMENT

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