Mineral versus organic contribution to vertical accretion and elevation change in restored marshes (Ebro Delta, Spain)

Calvo-Cubero, Juan; Ibáñez, Carles; Rovira, Albert; Sharpe, Peter J. H.; Reyes, Enrique

doi:10.1016/j.ecoleng.2013.09.047

Cited by 17 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…Both sedimentation and organic soil formation by vegetation contribute to elevation gain and delta aggradation (Reddy and DeLaune 2008;Calvo-Cubero et al 2013;Kirwan and Megonigal 2013;Schile et al 2014). However, many deltas are threatened by drowning due to sea-level rise, human-induced accelerated soil subsidence, sediment starvation due to upstream land use and river management, or increased river discharge (Ibáñez et al 1997;Syvitski and Saito 2007;Syvitski 2008;Syvitski et al 2009;Giosan et al 2014;Ibáñez et al 2014;Day et al 2016).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Paola et al (2011) defined river delta restoration as "diverting sediment and water from major channels into adjoining drowned areas, where the sediment can build new land and provide a platform for regenerating wetland ecosystems." This type of river delta restoration is currently considered or implemented in the Tidal River Management project in Bangladesh (Khadim et al 2013), the diversion projects in the Mississippi deltaic plain (DeLaune et al 2003;Day et al 2007;Paola et al 2011) or in the Atchafalaya subdelta (Roberts et al 2015;DeLaune et al 2016), and the Plan Integrale de Protección del Delta Ebro for the Ebro Delta (Calvo-Cubero et al 2013).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Factors controlling sediment trapping in two freshwater tidal wetlands in the Biesbosch area, The Netherlands

2017

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Purpose A thorough understanding of mechanisms controlling sedimentation and erosion is vital for a proper assessment of the effectiveness of delta restoration. Only few field-based studies have been undertaken in freshwater tidal wetlands. Furthermore, studies that measured sediment deposition in newly created wetlands are also sparse. This paper aims to identify the factors controlling the sediment trapping of two newly created freshwater tidal wetlands. Materials and methods Two recently re-opened polder areas in the Biesbosch, The Netherlands are used as study area. Field measurements of water levels, flow velocities, and turbidity at both the in-and outlet of the areas were carried out to determine the sediment budgets and trapping efficiencies under varying conditions of river discharge, tide, and wind in the period 2014-2016. Results and discussion Short-term sediment fluxes of the two study areas varied due to river discharge, tide, and wind. A positive sediment budget and trapping efficiency was found for the first study area, which has a continuing supply of river water and sediment. Sediment was lost from the second study area which lies further from the river and had a lower sediment supply. The daily sediment budget is positively related to upstream river discharge, and in general, export takes place during ebb and import during flood. However, strong wind events overrule this pattern, and trapping efficiencies decrease for increasing wind strengths at mid-range river discharges and for the highest river discharges due to increased shear stress. Conclusions Delta restoration, based on sedimentation to compensate for sea-level rise and soil subsidence, could only be effective when there is a sufficient supply of water and sediment. Management to enhance the trapping efficiency of the incoming sediment should focus on directing sufficient river flow into the wetland, ensuring the supply of water and sediment within the system during a tidal cycle, creating sufficiently large residence time of water within the polder areas for sediment settling, and decreasing wave shear stress by the establishment of vegetation or topographic irregularities.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Factors controlling sediment trapping in two freshwater tidal wetlands in the Biesbosch area, The Netherlands

2017

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“…Examples include the Tidal River Management project in Bangladesh (Khadim et al, 2013), the diversion projects in the Mississippi deltaic plain (DeLaune et al, 2003;Day et al, 2007;Paola et al, 2011), the Plan Integrale de Protección del Delta Ebro in the Ebro Delta (Calvo-Cubero et al, 2013), and the Room for the River initiative in the Netherlands (Rijke et al, 2012). Paola et al (2011) defined river delta restoration as diverting sediment and water from major channels into adjoining drowned areas, where the sediment can build new land and provide a platform for regenerating wetland ecosystems.…”

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confidence: 99%

Establishing a sediment budget in the newly created “Kleine Noordwaard” wetland area in the Rhine–Meuse delta

2018

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Abstract. Many deltas are threatened by accelerated soil subsidence, sea-level rise, increasing river discharge, and sediment starvation. Effective delta restoration and effective river management require a thorough understanding of the mechanisms of sediment deposition, erosion, and their controls. Sediment dynamics has been studied at floodplains and marshes, but little is known about the sediment dynamics and budget of newly created wetlands. Here we take advantage of a recently opened tidal freshwater system to study both the mechanisms and controls of sediment deposition and erosion in newly created wetlands. We quantified both the magnitude and spatial patterns of sedimentation and erosion in a former polder area in which water and sediment have been reintroduced since 2008. Based on terrestrial and bathymetric elevation data, supplemented with field observations of the location and height of cut banks and the thickness of the newly deposited layer of sediment, we determined the sediment budget of the study area for the period 2008-2015. Deposition primarily took place in channels in the central part of the former polder area, whereas channels near the inlet and outlet of the area experienced considerable erosion. In the intertidal area, sand deposition especially takes place at low-lying locations close to the channels. Mud deposition typically occurs further away from the channels, but sediment is in general uniformly distributed over the intertidal area, due to the presence of topographic irregularities and micro-topographic flow paths. Marsh erosion does not significantly contribute to the total sediment budget, because wind wave formation is limited by the length of the fetch. Consecutive measurements of channel bathymetry show a decrease in erosion and deposition rates over time, but the overall results of this study indicate that the area functions as a sediment trap. The total contemporary sediment budget of the study area amounts to 35.7 × 10 3 m 3 year −1 , which corresponds to a net area-averaged deposition rate of 6.1 mm year −1 . This is enough to compensate for the actual rates of sea-level rise and soil subsidence in the Netherlands.

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“…The mesocosm‐field experiment was performed for 3 years in a newly established restored marsh from an abandoned organic agriculture land located in the Ebro Delta (Spain) (Calvo‐Cubero et al ) (Fig. ).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Water levels are also a primary factor controlling sedimentation rates, soil redox conditions, and plant growth, which in turn affect water metal removal and soil metal accumulation (e.g. Sinicrope et al ; Mendelsson & Morris ; Calvo‐Cubero et al ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Changes in water and soil metals in a Mediterranean restored marsh subject to different water management schemes

Calvo-Cubero¹,

Ibáñez

Rovira

et al. 2015

Restoration Ecology

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Marsh restoration is an effective tool to remove water and soil metals via plant uptake and soil accumulation. However, few studies have attempted to quantify metal accumulation and removal in Mediterranean restored marshes. This study aimed to assess changes in water and soil metals in an oligohaline‐restored marsh experiment that was set in an abandoned rice field for 3 years. Two freshwater‐type treatments were tested: river irrigation water (IW) and rice field drainage water (DW), as well as three water level management schemes. Differences in water level schemes did not cause significant differences in metal removal and accumulation in soil marshes in either water type treatment. However, results showed that significantly higher Mn, Pb, and Zn input concentrations from DW allowed higher mean percentage of concentration reduction. Higher Cu concentration from IW also allowed higher Cu reduction (85%). Mean values of Co, Cr, Cu, Ni, Pb, V, and Zn in soil were higher in the IW treatment characterized by higher plant biomass, whereas mean accumulation rates of As, Ba, Cr, Cu, Ni, Pb, V, and Zn were higher in the DW treatment with higher accretion rates. Results suggest that wetland plants likely favored soil metal adsorption through soil oxygenation and highlight the utility of restored marshes as pollution filters in coastal wetlands with significant soil accretion and subject to relative sea level rise.

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Mineral versus organic contribution to vertical accretion and elevation change in restored marshes (Ebro Delta, Spain)

Cited by 17 publications

References 41 publications

Factors controlling sediment trapping in two freshwater tidal wetlands in the Biesbosch area, The Netherlands

Factors controlling sediment trapping in two freshwater tidal wetlands in the Biesbosch area, The Netherlands

Establishing a sediment budget in the newly created “Kleine Noordwaard” wetland area in the Rhine–Meuse delta

Changes in water and soil metals in a Mediterranean restored marsh subject to different water management schemes

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