Mineralisation of tubular bones is affected differently by low phosphorus supply in growing‐finishing pigs

Sørensen, Kristina Ulrich; Shiguetomi-Medina, Juan Manuel; Poulsen, Hanne

doi:10.1002/jsfa.9583

Cited by 9 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…Bone mineralization requires both Ca and P. A deficient P supply when Ca supply was adequate reduced absorption and retention of P, as well as Ca, and ultimately led to poor bone mineralization ( Sørensen et al, 2018 , 2019 ). A deficient Ca supply when P supply was adequate reduced bone formation and mineralization rates, which were partly due to the secondary hyperparathyroidism that the pigs developed to maintain the plasma Ca concentration ( Eklou-Kalonji et al, 1999 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effects of increasing dietary total Ca/total P ratios on growth performance, Ca and P balance, and bone mineralization in nursery pigs fed diets supplemented with phytase

Zhai¹,

Bergstrom²,

Zhang³

et al. 2023

Translational Animal Science

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The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of increasing dietary total Ca/total P ratios on growth performance, digestibility of Ca and P, bone mineralization, and concentrations of Ca and P in urine and plasma in nursery pigs. There were 6 diets in a randomized complete block design, including 1 positive control and 5 diets corresponding to 5 total Ca/total P ratios: 0.55, 0.73, 0.90, 1.07 and 1.24 (analyzed as 0.58, 0.75, 0.93, 1.11 and 1.30). These 5 diets were deficient in P but supplemented with 1,000 phytase units/kg feed. Each diet was fed to 6 pens of 8 pigs (4 barrows and 4 gilts per pen). All diets contained 3 g/kg TiO2, and fecal samples were collected from each pen on days 5-7 of trial. At the end, one pig per pen was sacrificed to collect the right tibia and urine in bladder. The results showed that increasing dietary Ca/P ratio to 0.93 increased gain:feed but then gain:feed decreased as the Ca/P ratio was increased to 1.30 (linear and quadratic, P < 0.05). Although average daily gain and final BW were unaffected by changing Ca/P ratio in diet, dry bone weight; weights of bone ash, Ca and P; and bone Ca/P ratio increased linearly (P < 0.001) with increasing dietary Ca/P ratio. The percent bone Ca showed a tendency to increase (P = 0.064). Increasing dietary Ca/P ratio decreased apparent total tract digestibility (ATTD) of Ca and P linearly (P < 0.05) and the concentration of digestible P linearly (P < 0.001), but increased the concentration of digestible Ca (linear and quadratic effects: P < 0.01) and the digestible Ca/P ratio (linear effect: P < 0.001). In plasma, the concentration of Ca increased both linearly (P < 0.01) and quadratically (P = 0.051), whereas concentration of P tended (linear and quadratic, P < 0.10) to decrease with increasing dietary Ca/P ratio. Similarly, in urine, the concentration of Ca increased both linearly and quadratically (P < 0.05), whereas concentration of P decreased linearly (P < 0.01). In conclusion, increasing the dietary Ca/P ratio reduced feed efficiency but increased bone mass and the amounts of Ca and P deposited in bone of nursery pigs fed diets supplemented with 1,000 FYT/kg phytase. The increases in bone growth led to a reduction of urinary P excretion that exceeded the decreased digestible P supplied in diet with the widening dietary Ca/P ratios.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effects of increasing dietary total Ca/total P ratios on growth performance, Ca and P balance, and bone mineralization in nursery pigs fed diets supplemented with phytase

Zhai¹,

Bergstrom²,

Zhang³

et al. 2023

Translational Animal Science

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“…Crenshaw et al (1981) recommended to use femur, humerus or rib for bone analyses in young pigs as different dietary mineral supply affected mineralisation of these bones in two-month-old pigs whereas differences in the metacarpal and metatarsal bones were only obvious in older pigs. More recently, Sørensen et al (2019) also found that mineralisation in different bones and bone sections is differently affected by dietary P supply in growing-finishing pigs.…”

Section: Bone Characteristicsmentioning

confidence: 94%

“…Due to study design, it is not possible to distinguish between effects of the type of bone per se and the localisation within the bone. Compared to the diaphysis, the epiphyses are known to reflect a variation in mineral supply more sensitively (Cromwell et al, 1972;Maxson & Mahan, 1983;Pointillart et al, 1987Pointillart et al, , 2000Sørensen et al, 2019). This might be a consequence of the lower share of spongy bone in the diaphysis of long bones.…”

Section: Bone Characteristicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Bone mineralisation is known to be correlated with mechanical bone strength but bone morphometry (e.g., cortical wall thickness) is also important in this regard (Augat et al, 1996;Jiang et al, 2008;Skiba et al, 2017). From literature it is known that the chemical composition of distinct bones and moreover of several parts within a specific bone might be influenced to different extents by varying dietary P (Crenshaw et al, 1981;Cromwell et al, 1972;Maxson & Mahan, 1983;Sørensen et al, 2019). Furthermore, this process might be age-dependent (Crenshaw et al, 1981).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Comparative study on the chemical composition of different bones/parts of bones in growing pigs differently supplied with inorganic phosphorus and phytase

Rieger

Ratert

Wendt

et al. 2021

Animal Physiology Nutrition

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From the veterinarian point of view, the precise assessment of the phosphorus (P) supply of pigs is of great interest, especially in cases of clinical disorders like 'leg weakness' or lameness when bone mineralisation may be disturbed. Thus, the question arises which bone is most suitable for diagnostic purposes and is reflecting changes in dietary P supply most clearly. Thirty-six growing pigs (BHZP db.Viktoria x Piétrain, about eleven weeks old, mean bw: 28.3 ± 3.44 kg) were allotted to three groups differently supplied with P by receiving a diet either supplemented with inorganic P (iP) and phytase (500 FTU/kg; controls/group C), without iP but phytase added (500 FTU/ kg; group 1) or containing only endogenous phytase (group 2). The inclusion of iP resulted in total P contents in diets for group C of 4.76 and 4.23 g/kg as fed from 28 to 57 and >57 kg body weight (bw), respectively. In diets for group 1 and 2, the corresponding P contents were 3.08/2.72 g/kg as fed (group 1) and 3.08/2.88 g/kg as fed (group 2). On days 26, 47 and 82 of the dietary treatment, four pigs of each group were euthanised. Furthermore, four additional pigs were euthanised one day before starting the experiment. Standardised samples of the femur (distal part), tibia/fibula (proximal part) and os metatarsale III (MT III, in toto) were taken during dissection and submitted to chemical analysis. At all time points, pigs of group C had significantly higher ash contents in all types of bone samples compared to pigs from group 1 and 2.Relative differences between means of groups (C = 100%) were less for the ash content in MT III (reduction by up to −9.1%) compared to the distal femur and the proximal tibia/fibula (reduction by up to −23.2 resp. −22.7%). Variation coefficient (irrespective of group and time point) was lower for ash content in MT III (4.29%) compared to the distal femur and the proximal tibia/fibula (both: 11.8%). Under the conditions of this study, ash contents of the distal femur and the proximal tibia/fibula reflected the different P supply more pronounced indicating higher sensitivity compared to MT III.

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“…This strategy should include increase digestive efficiency and metabolic utilisation, minimisation excretion, maximize bone growth, mineralization and strength. Till now research works focus mainly on the dietary phosphorus supply as a single-factor and its influence on the overall mineral balance and physiological response in the pig, thus ratio of dietary calcium/phosphorus differed between groups of pigs (Sørensen et al, 2018a, b;Sørensen et al, 2019), only in the study by Pettey et al (2015) dietary calcium/phosphorus ratio was similar between groups (NRC 2012) just like in the study by Gutierrez et al (2015). Although, only Pettey et al (2015) determined deposition of chemical body component (including phosphorus) only in body parts, however only in viscera and whole carcass at several points of the pigs' growth, but in all growth stage pigs were fed a diet adequate in phosphorus content.…”

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confidence: 99%

Chemical body composition and bone growth of young pigs as affected by deficiency, adequate and excess of dietary phosphorus supply

Sobol

Skiba

Raj

et al. 2022

Annals of Animal Science

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Objective of the experiment was to study the effect of deficiency, adequate and excess dietary phosphorus supply on growth performance, retention and utilisation of phosphorus, length, mass and geometry measurements of the femur shaft, content of protein, ash, phosphorus in viscera, edible (meat and fat) and inedible (bones and skin) parts of the body in pigs ageing from 33 to 110 days. It was found that compared to animals fed according to phosphorus requirement the deficiency and excess of dietary phosphorus did not influenced o total feed intake (mean 120.6 kg) and feed conversion (mean 1.9 kg/kg gain). However phosphorus deficiency lowered total gain of the body mass (P=0.0072), diminished weight of the inedible part of the carcass (P=0.0229), decreased the content of body protein (P=0.0171), ash (P=0.0001), and phosphorus (P=0.0001). Whereas, over-supply of dietary phosphorus did not cause any change of these component. Utilisation of the total phosphorus was diminished (P=0.0001) in pigs fed diet with both excess (by 16.26%) and deficiency (by 12.28%) of the phosphorus, but excess had much lower negative impact than its' deficiency. When available form of this element was considered over-supply still reduced (P=0.0001) its utilisation the most (by 26.58%) but deficiency made utilisation the best (7.77%). Both dietary deficiency and over-supply of the phosphorus diminished (P=0.0001) femur mass (by 25 and 11 g , respectively). Thus negative impact of phosphorus deficiency was much stronger. Moreover, phosphorus deficiency diminished (P=0.0015) bone length (by 0.5 cm), however, excess did not change this feature. Response of animals to a decrease bone mass and length due disturbances in phosphorus supply (both deficiency and excess) was the increase the vertical external diameter of the femur shaft.

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Mineralisation of tubular bones is affected differently by low phosphorus supply in growing‐finishing pigs

Cited by 9 publications

References 35 publications

The effects of increasing dietary total Ca/total P ratios on growth performance, Ca and P balance, and bone mineralization in nursery pigs fed diets supplemented with phytase

The effects of increasing dietary total Ca/total P ratios on growth performance, Ca and P balance, and bone mineralization in nursery pigs fed diets supplemented with phytase

Comparative study on the chemical composition of different bones/parts of bones in growing pigs differently supplied with inorganic phosphorus and phytase

Chemical body composition and bone growth of young pigs as affected by deficiency, adequate and excess of dietary phosphorus supply

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