Mineralization of erythromycin A in aquaculture sediments

Abstract

Mineralization of erythromycin A was studied using two differently (14)C-labeled erythromycins A, which were added to aquaculture sediment samples obtained from the two salmon hatchery sites in Washington state. The added erythromycin A did not significantly alter the numbers of the total viable colonies and erythromycin-resistant bacteria. Erythromycin-resistant Pseudomonas species contained a constitutive erythromycin esterase activity contributing to the inactivation of biologically active erythromycin A in aquatic and sediment environments. The initial rate of mineralization of erythromycin A appeared to be governed by the rate of release of soil-sorbed erythromycin A. After a prolonged lag time, the S-curves of erythromycin A mineralization were observed probably because of the increase in the population density metabolizing it. This study suggests that erythromycin A is partially or completely mineralized by the sediment microbial populations.

Fate of Erythromycin in Sediment-Containing Surface Water Microcosms: How Does Aged Erythromycin in Sediment Influence Bioavailability?

“…Our results and those of others (9,34,36,37) show that erythromycin and other antibiotics partition from the overlying water into stream and pond sediments. We examined the dissipation of erythromycin residues in sediment that had been previously aged for 1, 3 or 8 weeks.…”

“…Kim et al, (2004b) demonstrated that the [ 14 C]-radiolabeled methyl group is more readily hydrolyzed compared to [ 14 C]-radiolabeled groups of the macrocyclic lactone ring. The cumulative mineralization rates in this study were 10% to 15% 170 for PWS+M and PWS treatments, respectively,which were greater than those reported by Kim et al, 2004. Our increased mineralization rates may be due to the position where erythromycin used in our study was labeled.…”

“…This distribution may be due to an increase in the density of microbial populations degrading erythromycin, especially those capable of degrading erythromycin including some gram-negative microorganisms (34,35). Kim et al, (2004b) demonstrated that the [ 14 C]-radiolabeled methyl group is more readily hydrolyzed compared to [ 14 C]-radiolabeled groups of the macrocyclic lactone ring.…”

Biodegradation of Erythromycin with Environmental Microorganism Pseudomonas aeruginosa 3011

“…4 Therefore, different research groups have been focusing on other degradation processes, such as photochemical transformations and photocatalytic decompositions in order to increase removal efficiency. 10 Recently, a lot of research has been focused on the area of microbial biodegradation or biotransformation of antibiotics [11][12][13] , because biological treatment is a preferred option in terms of economic costs and ecological footprint. The ability of microorganisms to metabolize complex chemicals and large amounts of organic compounds represent one of the most important processes.…”

Voltammetric investigation of macrolides by an HPLC-coulometric assay

“…In the oxidative mode, the potential of the upstream electrode should be lower than that of the downstream electrode to minimize the electrochemical oxidation of the HPLC solvent components and impurities at the downstream electrode. We recently used an HPLC-coulometric method for the determination of erythromycin A and its degradation products, including erythromycin A-1-carboxylic acid from the degradation by erythromycin esterase [23,24], anhydroerythromycin A, erythromycin A enol ether, pseudoerythromycin A enol ether, and others produced from chemical degradation by acid/base-catalyzed reactions in aqueous solutions [25], and clay-catalyzed reactions in homoionic clays [26]. However, little is known about the current responses of various macrolides to optimize electrochemical detection.…”