Mineralogical and physicochemical investigation of Mg-smectite from Jbel Ghassoul, Morocco

Benhammou, A.; Tanouti, B.; Nibou, L.; Yaacoubi, Abdelrani; Bonnet, Jean-Pierre

doi:10.1346/ccmn.2009.0570212

Cited by 36 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…In Morocco, Mg-rich clays of Mio-Pliocene age occur in Jbel Rhassoul. These clays are made up of neoformed clay minerals (interstratified illite-smectite, palygorskite, stevensite and sepiolite) and subordinated detrital clay minerals (phengite, illite and chlorite) [25,99,100]. Stevensite is exploited in clay lenses named locally "rhassoul" that show brown colour and soapy appearance and are used as fuller´s earth.…”

Section: Continental Mg-smectite and Sepiolite Depositsmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Overview of Authigenic Magnesian Clays

Pozo

Calvo

2018

Minerals

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Clay authigenesis mostly concerns: (a) the formation of clays by direct precipitation from solution, called "neoformation" and (b) development of clays by transformation of precursor minerals. Precipitation from solution implies that a new mineral structure crystallizes, so that a prior mineral structure is not inherited. Transformation of precursor detrital minerals, a process also termed "neoformation by addition", can be conducted whether throughout precipitation on pre-existing natural surfaces or transformation and reaction on pre-existing surfaces. Both processes have been recognized as effective mechanisms in the formation of Mg-clays, which mostly include 2:1 clay minerals, such as talc-kerolite and Mg-smectites, as well as fibrous clays (sepiolite, palygorskite). Authigenic Mg-clay minerals occur in both modern and ancient marine and non-marine depositional environments, although formation of these clays in hydrothermal continental and seafloor settings must be also outlined. Most favourable conditions for the formation of Mg-clays on earth surface are found in evaporitic depositional environments, especially where parent rocks are enriched in ferromagnesian minerals. In these settings, Mg-clays are important constituent of weathering profiles and soils and can form thick deposits of significant economic interest. Based on this review of authigenic clay deposits, we propose three geochemical pathways, mainly related to continental environments, for the origin of authigenic Mg-clays: formation of Al-bearing Mg-clays (pathway 1), formation of Al-free Mg clays (pathway 2) and formation of sepiolite from other Mg-clay minerals (pathway 3).

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Section: Continental Mg-smectite and Sepiolite Depositsmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Overview of Authigenic Magnesian Clays

Pozo

Calvo

2018

Minerals

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“…The Rhassoul clay is an outstanding naturally found reddish-brown clay that originates from Morocco, traditionally used in skin and hair care formulations as soap, shampoo and conditioner [8,38]. It is also known by the names Red Clay, Red Moroccan Clay, Ghassoul Clay and Oxide Clay [38]. Its etymology derives from the Arabic verb Rhassala which means 'to wash' [38].…”

Section: Rhassoul Claymentioning

confidence: 99%

Hair Care Cosmetics: From Traditional Shampoo to Solid Clay and Herbal Shampoo, A Review

et al. 2019

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Hair is an important part of the body appeal and its look is a health indicator. Accordingly, recent advances in hair science and hair care technologies have been reported in literature claiming innovations and strategies for hair treatments and cosmetic products. The treatment of hair and scalp, primarily, involved the use of shampoo for an effective, but gentle cleansing; however, for years, the shampoo is considered not only as a cosmetic product having the purifying purpose, but it is also responsible for maintaining the health and the beauty of hair, imparting gloss and improving manageability. For meeting the needs of a multitasking formulation, following also the recent marketing-trend addressed to the "natural world", new challenges for cosmetic technology are aimed towards the research of natural ingredients, as well as new techniques for shampoo formulation. Regarding the recent development of solid shampoos, little information is available about their use, formulation and advantages. This review is largely focused on the description of solid shampoos, mainly based on the use of clays, herbs or flours as washing bases alternative to the traditional ones, consisting of a combination of synthetic surfactants, together with other usual ingredients expected in a shampoo formulation.

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“…Currently, it is marketed for its detergent and grease-removing properties. The geochemical characterization and the origin of the Ghassoul clay formation were studied by Chahi et al, (1997Chahi et al, ( , 1999 and Benhammou et al, (2009). The mineralogical composition of Ghassoul clay shows that the raw Ghassoul clay consists mainly of an Mg-rich trioctahedral smectite, stevensite, together with quartz and dolomite.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The empirical chemical formula of raw stevensite is Si3.78Al0.22Mg2.9Fe0.09Na0.08K0.08O10(OH)2·4H2O (Chahi et al, 1999, Benhammou et al, 2009. At pH 2-12, Ghassoul particles are formed of negatively charged layers responsible via Coulombic attractions of the strong retention of cationic pollutants (Bouna et al, 2010).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Adsorption of cadmium and copper onto natural clay: isotherm, kinetic and thermodynamic studies

2018

Global NEST Journal

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Clay of the Middle Atlas Mountains region, Morocco, was used to investigate the removal of heavy metals ions (Cadmium and Copper) from aqueous solutions with respect to several experimental conditions including pH, contact time, initial solute concentrations, temperature and ionic strength. Kinetic study revealed that metal ions uptake was fast with 90% or more of the adsorption occurring within first 30 min of contact time. Adsorption rate increased with the increasing initial metal ions concentrations and the sorption rate was well fitted by the pseudo-second-order rate model. The data according to mass transfer and intraparticle diffusion models confirmed diffusion of solutes inside the clay particles as the ratecontrolling step and more important for the adsorption rate than the external mass transfer.The suitability of the adsorbent was tested by fitting the adsorption data with Langmuir and Freundlich isotherm models. Equilibrium and kinetic adsorption data showed that clay displays a high selectivity with an affinity order of Cd > Cu. Thermodynamic parameters including the Gibbs free energy (ΔG), enthalpy (ΔH), and entropy (ΔS) changes indicated that the present adsorption process was feasible and endothermic in the temperature range of 25-45 °C.

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Mineralogical and physicochemical investigation of Mg-smectite from Jbel Ghassoul, Morocco

Cited by 36 publications

References 12 publications

An Overview of Authigenic Magnesian Clays

An Overview of Authigenic Magnesian Clays

Hair Care Cosmetics: From Traditional Shampoo to Solid Clay and Herbal Shampoo, A Review

Adsorption of cadmium and copper onto natural clay: isotherm, kinetic and thermodynamic studies

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