Mineralogy, geochemistry, and depositional environment of the Beduh Shale(Lower Triassic), Northern Thrust Zone, Iraq

Abstract

IntroductionGeochemical data of fine-grained clastic sedimentary rocks, such as shales and siltstones, have been used to evaluate the nature of the parent rock and intensity of weathering, as well as to identify the tectonic setting of the source region (

Geochemistry and mineralogy of the shallow subsurface Red Sea coastal sediments, Rabigh, Saudi Arabia: provenance and paleoenvironmental implications

“…Copper is reduced to Cu(I) under reducing conditions and may be incorporated in solid solution in pyrite or may even form its sulfide phases (CuS and CuS 2 ) (Huerta-Diaz and Morse, 1990). Values of Cu/ Zn ratio of >1 indicate reducing conditions and low values refer to oxidizing conditions (Goldberg and Humayun, 2016;Tobia and Shangola, 2016). The Cu/Zn ratio was generally low (<1) in the core sediments; however, the Cu/Zn ratio in the sediments of the LG facies are slightly higher than their counterparts in the sediments of the TF facies (Table 2; Figure 5).…”

Geochemical Application in Unraveling Paleoweathering, Provenance and Environmental Setting of the Shale From Chia Gara Formation, Kurdistan Region, Iraq

“…The chemical analyses of the major, trace and rare earth elements of the clastic sediments were widely used to distinguish the source rock identity (Armstrong-Altrin et al, 2015;Tobia and Shangola, 2016;Tobia and Mustafa, 2016;Zaid, 2017). In order to deduce the provenance of the rocks, several discrimination diagrams were proposed based on major and trace elements (Roser and Korsch, 1988;Floyd et al, 1989;McLennan et al, 1993;Armstrong-Altrin, 2013, 2016;.…”

“…These multi valence elements such as V, U, Ni, Cr, and Mo, their mobilization, precipitation, and concentration are mainly controlled by redox conditions and are enriched in anoxic sediments (Dypvik, 1984;Yarincik et al, 2000;Yang et al, 2004;Guo et al, 2007). Also, the ratios of these elements (U/Th, V/Cr, Ni/Co, and V/Sc) have been used to estimate the paleoredox conditions (Hatch and Leventhal, 1992;Jones and Manning, 1994;Pattan et al, 2005;Deepulal et al, 2012;Akinyemi et al 2013;Armstrong-Altrin et al 2015;Tobia and Shangola, 2016;Ramos-Vazquez et al, 2017;Anaya-Gregorio et al, 2018). The combined use of trace elements and their ratios may allow distinguishing the various depositional environments (oxic, suboxic, and anoxic).…”

Provenance and tectonic setting of the Early Permian sedimentary succession in the southern edge of the Sydney Basin, eastern Australia

“…Such mixed-layer clays are formed by the breakdown of Kfeldspar and plagioclase (particularly the latter) or by the breakdown of unstable lithic fragments. The geochemistry of sedimentary rocks can place constraints on the amount of weathering and sorting, and recycling recorded by the source rocks (Purevjav & Roser, 2013;Tobia & Shangola, 2016). The SSB samples have SiO 2 contents that display negative correlation with Al 2 O 3 , suggesting hydrodynamic separation of aluminous clays and quartz during deposition (Purevjav & Roser, 2013 7a,c), but for the other formations, it more likely shows the variable concentration of heavy minerals in quartzose sedimentary rocks.…”