Miniaturized LC in Molecular Omics

Abstract

Miniaturized LC has evolved at an exponential rate over the last 50 years. In the past decade, it has received considerable attention in the field of bioanalytical separation science and technology due to the need to measure different classes of biomolecules present in a variety of matrixes on a global scale to gain a deeper understanding of complex biological processes. This field has become a dominant area underpinning the molecular omics research (e.g., proteomics, metabolomics, lipidomics, and foodomics), allowing key insights into the function and mechanism of small to very large biomolecules on a molecular level. This Feature highlights the recent advances in molecular omics focusing on miniaturized LC technology combined with mass spectrometry-based platforms, with a particular emphasis on the strategies adopted and applications using new and sensitive nanoscale analytical methodologies.

Nano‐liquid chromatography with a new nano‐structured monolithic nanocolumn for proteomics analysis

“…Monolithic nanocolumns are promising materials for molecular omics applications [7]. Among them, nanoscale proteomic applications are critical to separate incredibly complex bio-matrices [26,28,37].…”

“…LC miniaturization and down-sizing of separation columns have attracted increasing attention for high-resolution analyses and point-of-care applications [1][2][3][4][5][6]. Among other miniaturized LC techniques, nanoflow Article Related Abbreviations: ABs, alkylbenzenes; BMA, butyl methacrylate; DMF, dimethyl formamide; DODCS, dimethyloctadecylchlorosilane; EDMA, ethylendimethacrylate; GO, graphene oxide; GONP, graphen-oxide nanoparticle; MGONP, methacryloyl graphene oxide nanoparticle LC technique has established itself as an indispensable analytical tool in bioanalytical separation science and technology [7], especially in the field of proteomics [8] while it allows the highest level of sensitivity [6]. This technique uses nanocolumns with internal diameter in the range of 5-100 μm, which are suitable for nano-LC [9].…”

“…GONPs were used for the preparation of various stationary phases in HPLC [25]. The demonstration of the potentials of GONPs in proteomics analysis using nano-LC can be highly essential for the advancement of sensitive analyses (e.g., molecular omic separation) [7]. Sensitive proteom analysis is highly challenging because the samples are extremely limited in size [8,26,27].…”

Graphene oxide‐octadecylsilane incorporated monolithic nano‐columns with 50 μm id and 100 μm id for small molecule and protein separation by nano‐liquid chromatography

“…Polymer monolithic nano-columns are also promising materials for omics applications [18]. Among them, nano-scale proteomic applications are critical to separate incredibly complex bio-matrices [31][32][33].…”

“…Nano-LC performed with capillary columns having id ≤100μm has gained more interest in a wide range of application fields, including proteomics [13], lipidomics [14], metabolomics [15], foodomics [16], chiral separations [17], and molecular omics [18]. The popularity of nano-LC arises from its many advantages over conventional LC, such as higher sensitivity and resolution, lower consumption of mobile phase, stationary phase and samples as well as lower flow rate, which makes it perfect combination with mass spectrometry.…”