Minimizing Aerobic and Post Anoxic Volume Requirements in Tertiary Integrated Fixed-Film Activated Sludge (IFAS) and Moving Bed Biofilm Reactor (MBBR) Systems Using the Aquifas Model

Sen, Dipankar; Murthy, Sudhir; Phillips, Heather; Pattarkine, Vikram M.; Copithorn, Rhodes R.; Randall, Clifford W.; Schwinn, Donald E.; Banerjee, Somnath

doi:10.2175/193864707786831291

Cited by 5 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…This is consistent with the observations at the pilot study for the Mamaroneck Wastewater Treatment Plant (Johnson et al, 2007). The algorithm has been evaluated against the thickness observed at the Broomfield, Colorado, full-scale IFAS plant (Sen, Phillips, Murthy, Pattarkine, Copithorn, Randall, Schwinn, and Banerjee, 2007).…”

Section: Model Developmentsupporting

confidence: 76%

“…In eq 12, the subscript bfd signifies coefficients for the biofilm diffusional model. This is important because measurements in pilot studies (Sen, 1995) showed that certain parameters, such as the maximum COD utilization rate, can be different for biomass in biofilm compared with the MLVSS. In eq 10, the nitrification in layer bn is computed as follows:…”

Section: Model Developmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The biofilm in IFAS and MBBR systems with plastic carrier particles (as at Broomfield, Colorado, operated with Kaldnes Miljøteknologi K1 carriers) is between 10 000 and 15 000 mg/L. Values between 25 000 and 50 000 mg/L are observed in Captor sponge systems (Fairfield, Connecticut; Sen, 1995), where the growth is protected from shear inside the sponge. The growth ranged from 50 to 200 mg (average of 100 mg) just inside the sponge.…”

Section: Model Developmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Where N g,Nitr2,b1 5 growth rate of Nitrobacter or nitrite-oxidizing bacteria (NOB) in biofilm layer b1. (Sen, 1995). The model is structured such that the user can change these values based on other observations.…”

Section: Model Developmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Nitrogen content of biomass 0.12 mg-N/mg VSS f COD COD content of biomass 1.42 mg COD/mg VSS a Unless mentioned, these values were determined from continuous-flow bench-scale pilot studies operated in activated sludge, IFAS, and MBBR modes (Sen, 1995). The biofilm biomass was removed from the biofilm (squeezed and scraped off), put into suspension in a jar, and tests were run similar to MLVSS from activated sludge systems.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Improved Computational Model (AQUIFAS) for Activated Sludge, Integrated Fixed‐Film Activated Sludge, and Moving‐Bed Biofilm Reactor Systems, Part II: Multilayer Biofilm Diffusional Model

Sen¹,

Randall²

2008

Water Environment Research

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Research was undertaken to develop a diffusional model of the biofilm that can be applied in lieu of a semi-empirical model to upgrade an activated sludge system to an integrated fixed-film activated sludge (IFAS) or moving-bed biofilm reactor (MBBR) system. The model has been developed to operate with up to 12 cells (reactors) in series, with biofilm media incorporated to one or more of the zone cells, except the anaerobic zone cells.The values of the kinetic parameters for the model were measured using pilot-scale activated sludge, IFAS, and MBBR systems. The biofilm is divided into 12 layers and has a stagnant liquid layer. Diffusion and substrate utilization are calculated for each layer. The equations are solved simultaneously using a finite difference technique. The biofilm flux model is then linked to the activated sludge model. Advanced features include the ability to compute the biofilm thickness and the effect of biofilm thickness on performance. The biofilm diffusional model is also used to provide information and create a table of biofilm yields at different substrate concentrations that can be used in the semi-empirical model. Water Environ. Res., 80, 624 (2008).

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Section: Model Developmentsupporting

confidence: 76%

Section: Model Developmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Model Developmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Model Developmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Improved Computational Model (AQUIFAS) for Activated Sludge, Integrated Fixed‐Film Activated Sludge, and Moving‐Bed Biofilm Reactor Systems, Part II: Multilayer Biofilm Diffusional Model

Sen¹,

Randall²

2008

Water Environment Research

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Improved Computational Model (AQUIFAS) for Activated Sludge, Integrated Fixed‐Film Activated Sludge, and Moving‐Bed Biofilm Reactor Systems, Part I: Semi‐Empirical Model Development

Sen¹,

Randall²

2008

Water Environment Research

Self Cite

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Research was undertaken to develop a model for activated sludge, integrated fixed-film activated sludge (IFAS), and moving-bed biofilm reactor (MBBR) systems. The model can operate with up to 12 cells (reactors) in series, with biofilm media incorporated to one or more cells, except the anaerobic cells. The process configuration can be any combination of anaerobic, anoxic, aerobic, post-anoxic with or without supplemental carbon, and reaeration; it can also include any combination of step feed and recycles, including recycles for mixed liquor, return activated sludge, nitrates, and membrane bioreactors.This paper presents the structure of the model. The model embeds a biofilm model into a multicell activated sludge model. The biofilm flux rates for organics, nutrients, and biomass can be computed by two methods-a semiempirical model of the biofilm that is relatively simpler, or a diffusional model that is computationally intensive. The values of the kinetic parameters for the model were measured using pilot-scale activated sludge, IFAS, and MBBR systems. For the semiempirical version, a series of Monod equations were developed for chemical oxygen demand, ammonium-nitrogen, and oxidizednitrogen fluxes to the biofilm. Within the equations, a second Monod expression is used to simulate the effect of changes in biofilm thickness and fraction nitrifiers in the biofilm. The biofilm flux model is then linked to the activated sludge model. The diffusional model and the verification of the models are presented in subsequent papers (Sen and Randall, 2008a, 2008b).The model can be used to quantify the amount of media and surface area required to achieve nitrification, identify the best locations for the media, and optimize the dissolved oxygen levels and nitrate recycle rates. Some of the advanced features include the ability to apply different media types and fill fractions in cells; quantify nitrification, denitrification, and biomass production in the biofilm and mixed liquor suspended solids; and perform dynamic simulations. Water Environ. Res., 80, 439 (2008).

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The role of interactions of effective biofilm surface area and mass transfer in nitrogen removal efficiency of an integrated fixed-film activated sludge system

Liu

Lackner

et al. 2018

Chemical Engineering Journal

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Minimizing Aerobic and Post Anoxic Volume Requirements in Tertiary Integrated Fixed-Film Activated Sludge (IFAS) and Moving Bed Biofilm Reactor (MBBR) Systems Using the Aquifas Model

Cited by 5 publications

References 10 publications

Improved Computational Model (AQUIFAS) for Activated Sludge, Integrated Fixed‐Film Activated Sludge, and Moving‐Bed Biofilm Reactor Systems, Part II: Multilayer Biofilm Diffusional Model

Improved Computational Model (AQUIFAS) for Activated Sludge, Integrated Fixed‐Film Activated Sludge, and Moving‐Bed Biofilm Reactor Systems, Part II: Multilayer Biofilm Diffusional Model

Improved Computational Model (AQUIFAS) for Activated Sludge, Integrated Fixed‐Film Activated Sludge, and Moving‐Bed Biofilm Reactor Systems, Part I: Semi‐Empirical Model Development

The role of interactions of effective biofilm surface area and mass transfer in nitrogen removal efficiency of an integrated fixed-film activated sludge system

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