Minimum ignition energies in flowing kerosine-air mixtures

Rao, Kavitha V.; Lefebvre, A. H.

doi:10.1016/0010-2180(76)90002-x

Cited by 69 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…Spark ignition of turbulent premixed flames has been well characterized and quantified either in a flowing mixture [1][2][3][4][5][6] or inside a combustion bomb [7,8]. In contrast, spark ignition of turbulent non- premixed flames is not fully understood yet, although it appears in many applications, for instance, in the high-altitude relighting of aviation gas turbines, in spark ignition engines with very inhomogeneous mixtures, and in safety considerations.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Spark ignition of turbulent nonpremixed bluff-body flames

Ahmed

Balachandran

Marchione

et al. 2007

Combustion and Flame

150

117

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Spark ignition of turbulent nonpremixed bluff-body flames

Ahmed

Balachandran

Marchione

et al. 2007

Combustion and Flame

150

117

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“…The generation of a viable flame kernel has been extensively studied numerically and experimentally in premixed mixtures at rest or in laminar flows [10][11][12][13][14][15][16]. In turbulent premixed flows, kernel initiation may fail due to excessive strain rate [17][18][19] and in laminar non-premixed flow, the kernel formation depends significantly on spark location [20,21].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Large eddy simulation of spark ignition in a turbulent methane jet

Lacaze

Richardson

Poinsot

2009

Combustion and Flame

135

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Large Eddy Simulation (LES) is used to compute the spark ignition in a turbulent methane jet flowing into air. Full ignition sequences are calculated for a series of ignition locations using a one-step chemical scheme for methane combustion coupled with the thickened flame model. The spark ignition is modeled in the LES as an energy deposition term added to the energy equation. Flame kernel formation, the progress and topology of the flame propagating upstream, and stabilization as a tubular edge flame are analyzed in detail and compared to experimental data for a range of ignition parameters. In addition to ignition simulations, statistical analysis of non-reacting LES solutions are carried out to discuss the ignition probability map established experimentally.

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“…Lefebvre [18] on the ignition of heterogeneous, flowing kerosine/air mixtures. They found that for mixtures weaker than stoichiometric the main factor limiting ignition is a deficiency of fuel vapor in the ignition zone.…”

Section: Theorymentioning

confidence: 99%

Fuel Effects on Gas Turbine Combustion

Lefebvre¹

1986

International Journal of Turbo and Jet Engines

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Approved for public release; distribution unlimited. 7lhis program is an analyticaG s;udy corre ating fuel properties and engine "design and operating parameters with engine combustion performance and hot section (combustor and turbine) durability. Standard fuel specification data and fuel composition data are considered, along with special fuel properties and characteristics not routinely measured.. Engine combustor design parameters considered are fuel injection and atomization, fuel/air mixing, residence times, temperatures and pressures, and flow velocities and other important design parameters. DTIC ELECTE- 4'of the fuel.In due course, the extensive research initiated by the major fuel and engine companies and the various governmental research establishments yielded increasing knowledge of fuel properties and the manner in which they affect aircraft performance, safety and reliability. This improved understanding helped to eliminate or ease many formidable problems, but from time to time various new problems emerged, mainly as a result of the continuing demand for increases in aircraft speed, range and operating altitude. In the late 1960s the growth of public concern over air pollution caused by combustion processes eventually culminated in legislation for closer control of exhaust emissions, notably in terms of reductions in carbon monoxide, unburned hydrocarbons, smoke and nicric oxides. The restraining effects of these requirements, coupled with the fact that the aircraft user has traditionally been able to draw his fuel supplies from the highest quality feedstock, fostered conservatism to the extent that current airline fuels do not differ markedly from the kerosine used by Whittle.In general, for any given aircraft application, the optimum fuel is one that represents the best compromise solution to the various problems confronting the fuel companies, the engine and aircraft manufacturers and the operator. For civil aircraft the main requirements are safety, reliability, low cost and ease of handling. For military aircraft fuel cost is of secondary importance compared with availability, supply logistics and the need for trouble-free operation over a wide range of conditions.The most dominant fuel issues of today are those of cost and availability. The steps now being taken to ensure future supplies of fuels for gas turbines, in addition to various measures of fuel conservation, include the exploitation of alternative fuel sources and the acceptance of a broader specification for aviation fuels. It is clearly of paramount importance that prediction techniques be established for estimating accurately, for iny given combustor, the impact of any change in fuel specification on hardware durability and the key aspects of combustion performance.A complicating factor in the attainment of this goal is that the effect of a change in fuel properties is not constant for all combustors but varies between one combustor and another, due to differences in operating conditions and differences in design. For example,...

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Minimum ignition energies in flowing kerosine-air mixtures

Cited by 69 publications

References 2 publications

Spark ignition of turbulent nonpremixed bluff-body flames

Spark ignition of turbulent nonpremixed bluff-body flames

Large eddy simulation of spark ignition in a turbulent methane jet

Fuel Effects on Gas Turbine Combustion

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