Background: This study aimed to investigate the potential roles of miR-217 and EZH2 in the osteogenic differentiation of PDLSCs.Methods: The expression pattern of miR-217 and EZH2 in PDLSCs during osteogenesis was detected by qRT-PCR. Then gain-and loss-of-function was performed to confirm the roles of miR-217 and EZH2 in the osteogenic differentiation of PDLSCs. Alkaline phosphatase and alizarin red S staining were used to detect the activity of osteoblasts and mineral deposition. Western blot and qRT-PCR were performed to detected osteogenic markers to conform osteogenesis phenotype. Furthermore, dual luciferase reporter assay was conducted to analyze the binding of miR-217 to EZH2. Chromatin immunoprecipitation analysis were performed to explore the mechanism of EZH2 and miR-217 on Wnt pathway.Results: miR-217 was significantly upregulated during the osteogenic differentiation, whereas EZH2 was significantly downregulated. Moreover, knockdown of miR-217 and overexpression of EZH2 inhibited the ALP activity, ARS staining, and expression of osteogenic genes. Furthermore, overexpression of EZH2 partially reversed the effects of miR-217 overexpression on osteoblast differentiation. Finally, miR-217 overexpression promoted the expression of Wnt genes, resulting in the activation of the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway by targeting EZH2.Conclusion: Our results demonstrated that miR-217 is induced by osteogenic stimuli and promotes osteogenic differentiation partly by targeting the EZH2/Wnt1/β-Catenin signaling pathway. This study provides a novel understanding of the mechanisms of osteogenic differentiation, and suggests a potential method for promoting bone formation.