miRNA Targeting Angiogenesis as a Potential Therapeutic Approach in the Treatment of Colorectal Cancers

Abstract

Angiogenesis refers to the formation of recent blood vessels, which is one of the characteristics of cancer progression and it has been deliberated as a putative target to the treatment of many kinds of cancers. The VEGF signaling substrate is very important for angiogenesis and is commonly high-regulated in tumors. As a result, this molecule has attracted the attention of most of the researchers to develop antiangiogenic therapies. We have presented that VEGF blockage in neoadjuvant setting via bevacizumab, aflibercept and sunitinib not only has revealed some promising benefits but also has shown a large negative outcome in the adjuvant trials. However, at an advanced stage of tumors, suppression of VEGF alone is inadequate to stop advancement, encouraging drug resistance, and probably enhancing metastasis and invasion in the tumor microenvironment, thereby suggesting the therapeutic potential of targeting angiogenic pathways in gastrointestinal cancers.

Identification of cluster of differentiation molecule-associated microRNAs as potential therapeutic targets for gastrointestinal cancer immunotherapy

“…The importance of miRNAs in prognosis, diagnosis, and treatment as well as drug resistance of GI cancer has been widely reported. [14][15][16][17] Recently, accumulating evidence has indicated that a variety of miRNAs could target CD molecules in GI cancers, thereby modulating the cancer progression. Using the Gene Expression Omnibus database and RNA-Seq colon cancer data from The Cancer Genome Atlas data portal, Gao et al 18 reported that CD92 was targeted by miR-183, miR-206, and miR-147 in colon cancer, and differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified between colon tumor samples and adjacent normal samples.…”

Exosomes from microRNA‐126 overexpressing mesenchymal stem cells promote angiogenesis by targeting the PIK3R2‐mediated PI3K/Akt signalling pathway

“…7 In particular, certain miRNAs function as pro-angiogenic regulators. [8][9][10] Among them, miR-126, which is specifically expressed in endothelial cells, may be the most important and acts as a key regulator in promoting angiogenesis as well as maintaining vascular integrity. For instance, up-regulation of miR-126 can contribute to angiogenesis after vessel injury or hypoxia.…”

Mast Cells, microRNAs and Others: The Role of Translational Research on Colorectal Cancer in the Forthcoming Era of Precision Medicine

“…Recently, some studies have shown the interaction of miRNAs with other biomarkers, such as KRAS [ 89 , 90 ], and their consequent role in predicting treatment response to classical cytotoxic chemotherapy or targeted therapy (anti-epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) and anti-VEGF) [ 91 , 92 , 93 , 94 ].…”

“…Activating mutations in the RAS genes occur in approximately 45% of CRC. Among them, the KRAS mutation is mainly involved in preventing the hydrolysis of the GTP complex, leading to cell Recently, some studies have shown the interaction of miRNAs with other biomarkers, such as KRAS [89,90], and their consequent role in predicting treatment response to classical cytotoxic chemotherapy or targeted therapy (anti-epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) and anti-VEGF) [91][92][93][94].…”