Mirror therapy for motor function of the upper extremity in patients with stroke: A meta-analysis

Zeng, Wen; Guo, Yonghong; Wu, Guofeng; Liu, Xueyan; Fang, Qian

doi:10.2340/16501977-2287

Cited by 68 publications

(64 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…Such movement illusions resulted in pain relief in patients with phantom limb pain, and in re-learning motor patterns in patients with stroke (Altschuler et al, 1999;Sathian et al, 2000;Garry et al, 2005;Chan et al, 2007;Sütbeyaz et al, 2007;Altschuler and Hu, 2008;Darnall, 2009;Ramachandran et al, 2009). Moreover, recent meta-analysis studies showed that motor visual feedback using MVFT may enhance motor rehabilitation outcome (Yang et al, 2018;Zeng et al, 2018). Even though cross-modal illusions are considered an attempt by the multisensory system to reconnect the affected sensory neural networks and bypass injured areas, these can be maladaptive when atypical or even when they are generated as a consequence of rearranged multisensory networks (Bolognini et al, 2013).…”

Section: Cross-modal Illusions In Neurorehabilitation: Mirror Therapymentioning

confidence: 99%

Changing Body Representation Through Full Body Ownership Illusions Might Foster Motor Rehabilitation Outcome in Patients With Stroke

et al. 2020

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How our brain represents our body through the integration of internal and external sensory information so that we can interact with our surrounding environment has become a matter of interest especially in the field of neurorehabilitation. In this regard, there is an increasing interest in the use of multisensory integration techniques-such as the use of body ownership illusions-to modulate distorted body representations after brain damage. In particular, cross-modal illusions such as mirror visual feedback therapy (MVFT) have been widely used for motor rehabilitation. Despite the effectiveness of the MVFT for motor rehabilitation, there are some limitations to fully modify the distorted internal representation of the paretic limb in patients with stroke. A possible explanation for this relies on the physical limitations of the mirror in reproducing upper-limb distortions, which can result in a reduced sense of ownership of the mirrored limb. New digital technologies such as virtual reality (VR) and 360° videos allow researchers to create body ownership illusions by adapting virtual bodies so that they represent specific morphological characteristics including upper-limb distortions. In this manuscript, we present a new rehabilitation approach that employs full virtual body ownership illusions, using a 360° video system, for the assessment and modulation of the internal representation of the affected upper limb in stroke patients. We suggest modifying the internal representation of the upper limb to a normal position before starting motor rehabilitation training.

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Section: Cross-modal Illusions In Neurorehabilitation: Mirror Therapymentioning

confidence: 99%

Changing Body Representation Through Full Body Ownership Illusions Might Foster Motor Rehabilitation Outcome in Patients With Stroke

et al. 2020

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“…To support and improve quality of life in stroke patients, various motor-assistance devices and new treatment methods have been developed to restore motor functioning in stroke patients (3)(4)(5). In particular, various treatment methods for upper extremity rehabilitation have emerged; these include virtual reality, robot-arm training, mental practice, and mirror therapy (MT) (6)(7)(8)(9)(10)(11).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Alternative Motor Task-Based Pattern Training With a Digital Mirror Therapy System Enhances Sensorimotor Signal Rhythms Post-stroke

Chang

Chen

et al. 2019

Front. Neurol.

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Mirror therapy (MT) facilitates motor learning and induces cortical reorganization and motor recovery from stroke. We applied the new digital mirror therapy (DMT) system to compare the cortical activation under the three visual feedback conditions: (1) no mirror visual feedback (NoMVF), (2) bilateral synchronized task-based mirror visual feedback training (BMVF), and (3) reciprocal task-based mirror visual feedback training (RMVF). During DMT, EEG recordings, including time-dependent event-related desynchronization (ERD) signal amplitude in both mu and beta bands, were obtained from the standard C3 (ispilesional hemisphere, IH), C4 (contralesional hemisphere, CH), and Cz scalp sites (supplementary motor area, SMA). The entire ERD curve was separated into three time-phases: P0 (−2 to 0 s), P1 (0 to 2 s), and P2 (2 to 4 s). Four-way and subsequent repeated-measures analyses of variance were used to examine the effects of group (stroke vs. control group), test condition (NoMVF, BMVF, and RMVF), time-phase (P0, P1, and P2), and brain area (IH, CH, SMA) on the ERD areas (%) in mu and beta bands. For the mu band, generally, ERD areas (%) were larger in the control than in the stroke group. The ERD areas (%) were largest under the RMVF condition, followed by BMVF and NoMVF conditions. Similar results were found in the beta bands. The main effects of group, time-phase, and test condition on the ERD areas (%) were significant for the three brain areas, except the main effect of group in the SMA (Cz) and CH (C4) brain area. The ERD areas (%) were larger in the control than in the stroke group. The ERD area (%) was significantly larger during P1 than during P0 and P2 (ps < 0.02), and during P2 than during P0 (ps < 0.01). The ERD area (%) under the RMVF condition was significantly larger than that under the BMVF condition and NoMVF condition (ps < 0.05). The present study suggests that cortical activation particularly in the SMA (Cz) of the brain increases in the RMVF condition in both healthy subjects and stroke patients. This result supports the hypothesis that stroke patients may benefit from RMVF training.

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“…MT a simple, cheap and less labour-intensive rehabilitation method, has been proposed as a promising rehabilitation approach for recovery of motor function of the upper limb in patients with stroke. (Zeng et al, 2018) MT is also used to improve gait in stoke patients. (Ji et al, 2014)The objective of the study is to apply mirror therapy on children with cerebral palsy to improve their motor functions of the upper limb were by it could improve their activities of daily living.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mirror therapy to improve hand function in spastic cerebral palsy children

Elanchezhian¹,

P²

2019

ijrps

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Hand function is one of the important functional activities of the human being to perform a daily activity. One of the impairments is hand function commonly observed in spastic hemiplegics. Spasticity is one of the major factors affecting children, as a result of increased muscle tone, that in luences hand movement. Children become more dependent when hand function is impaired. Normal muscle tone is a prerequisite for moving the hand to activity for normal hand function. Hand movement improves by reducing spasticity, which in daily living activity helps the child functionally independent. The aim of this research is therefore to enhance the hand function by using mirror therapy in children with spastic hemiplegic cerebral palsy. 46 subjects are studied and divided into two groups, namely the group of mirror therapy (Experimental) and the conventional group. The informed concern was taken from their parents. Conventional training was given to one group and mirror therapy was given to another group. Both groups were treated for 60 min/ each session, 5 days/week for the duration of 4 weeks. Modi ied Ashworth scale was used to evaluate spasticity, 9 hole peg boards were used to measure inger dexterity, Fegl Meyer assessment upper limb was used to assess changes in the motor improvement, and Upper Extremity Functional Index was self-evaluating questionnaire done my parents or caretakers. The independent "t" test was used to analyze the outcome measures, the effect of spasticity effect and ability to function by hand. The mean post-test values of all mirror therapy variables were better than those of the conventional group (p<0.005). The study shows spasticity reduction and improvement in the function of the hand in children with spastic hemiplegic cerebral palsy using mirror therapy.

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Mirror therapy for motor function of the upper extremity in patients with stroke: A meta-analysis

Abstract: Although the included studies had high heterogeneity, meta-analysis provided some evidence that mirror therapy may significantly improve motor function of the upper limb in patients with stroke. Further well-designed studies are needed.

Cited by 68 publications

References 33 publications

Changing Body Representation Through Full Body Ownership Illusions Might Foster Motor Rehabilitation Outcome in Patients With Stroke

Changing Body Representation Through Full Body Ownership Illusions Might Foster Motor Rehabilitation Outcome in Patients With Stroke

Alternative Motor Task-Based Pattern Training With a Digital Mirror Therapy System Enhances Sensorimotor Signal Rhythms Post-stroke

Mirror therapy to improve hand function in spastic cerebral palsy children

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