2011
DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2010.10.036
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Misdiagnosing bipolar disorder — Do clinicians show heuristic biases?

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Cited by 24 publications
(16 citation statements)
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“…Psychotherapists tend to believe their open clinical judgment—that is a diagnostic interview without using a diagnostic tool—is more useful than judgments based on structured diagnostic interviews in making correct diagnoses (Bruchmüller et al, ). However, considering that therapists are often confronted with multiple sources of information, as well as influenced by extraneous information (Bruchmüller & Meyer, ; Bruchmüller & Schneider, ; Meyer & Meyer, ; Wolkenstein, Bruchmüller, Schmid, & Meyer, ), open clinical judgment is error‐prone and can lead to diagnostic errors. For example, psychotherapists are more likely to diagnose attention‐deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in a boy than in a girl after reading case vignettes that described several ADHD symptoms but stated that other ADHD criteria were not fulfilled (Bruchmüller, Margraf, & Schneider, ).…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Psychotherapists tend to believe their open clinical judgment—that is a diagnostic interview without using a diagnostic tool—is more useful than judgments based on structured diagnostic interviews in making correct diagnoses (Bruchmüller et al, ). However, considering that therapists are often confronted with multiple sources of information, as well as influenced by extraneous information (Bruchmüller & Meyer, ; Bruchmüller & Schneider, ; Meyer & Meyer, ; Wolkenstein, Bruchmüller, Schmid, & Meyer, ), open clinical judgment is error‐prone and can lead to diagnostic errors. For example, psychotherapists are more likely to diagnose attention‐deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in a boy than in a girl after reading case vignettes that described several ADHD symptoms but stated that other ADHD criteria were not fulfilled (Bruchmüller, Margraf, & Schneider, ).…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…With limited time and without extensive diagnostic and historical information, clinicians are often forced to rely on decision-making heuristics [17, 18] as they attempt to produce the most accurate diagnosis. Unfortunately, the use of heuristics to form a diagnosis can lead to significant misjudgments as it relies heavily on personal preconceptions and past experiences, which are influenced by selective memory and clinical experience that varies greatly across clinicians and over time [3].…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Substance intoxication or withdrawal symptoms may present as symptoms of mania or depression, respectively, thereby misleading clinicians [16]. Errors can easily occur if clinicians rely too much on global heuristics to diagnose patients rather than thoroughly evaluating all symptoms of a disorder [17, 18]. …”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Nevertheless, several studies have shown high rates of misdiagnoses in daily practice (Kales et al, 2005; Bruchmüller and Meyer, 2009; Wolkenstein et al, 2011). Though patient factors, such as gender, are frequently assumed by clinicians to be a cause of misdiagnosis, in reality, among other factors, clinicians’ diagnostic approach is a more prominent cause of misdiagnosis (Zimmerman and Mattia, 1999; Wolkenstein et al, 2011; Cwik and Teismann, 2016). The diagnostic process may involve subjective descriptions of the patient or may influence or be influenced by therapists’ expectations (Langer and Abelson, 1974; Rosenhan and Seligman, 1989; Margraf and Schneider, 2009).…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…The diagnostic process may involve subjective descriptions of the patient or may influence or be influenced by therapists’ expectations (Langer and Abelson, 1974; Rosenhan and Seligman, 1989; Margraf and Schneider, 2009). Clinicians may also tend toward looser interpretation and use of the diagnostic criteria of classification systems and might resort to other resources instead, such as their professional experiences or personal assumptions (Morey and Ochoa, 1989; Bruchmüller and Meyer, 2009; Meyer and Meyer, 2009; Wolkenstein et al, 2011; Bruchmüller et al, 2012; Garb, 2013; Cwik and Teismann, 2016). As a result, in single diagnoses, clinicians tend to be more likely to make false-positive diagnoses over time, assigning a disorder label though not all required diagnostic criteria are fulfilled (Bruchmüller et al, 2011).…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%