Mismatch strain programmed shape transformation of curved bilayer-flexible support assembly

Abdullah, Arif M.; Nan, Kewang; Rogers, John A.; Hsia, K. Jimmy

doi:10.1016/j.eml.2016.02.009

Cited by 16 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 53 publications

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“…This remarkable difference in behavior arises because the curvature transforms the ligaments from straight columns that buckle to bistable arches that snap. It should be also noted that such response is completely different from that of porous cylindrical shells which under compression exhibit uniform buckling-induced shape transformation (38)(39)(40), whereas it shares similarities with structures consisting of an array of beams resting on flexible supports, which have recently shown to exhibit a very rich response (41,42). The behavior of our system can be further understood by looking at its behavior surface (see Fig.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 85%

Propagation of pop ups in kirigami shells

Rafsanjani

Jin

Deng

et al. 2019

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

115

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Kirigami-inspired metamaterials are attracting increasing interest because of their ability to achieve extremely large strains and shape changes via out-of-plane buckling. While in flat kirigami sheets the ligaments buckle simultaneously as Euler columns leading to a continuous phase transition, here we demonstrate that kirigami shells can also support discontinuous phase transitions. Specifically, we show via a combination of experiments, numerical simulations and theoretical analysis that in cylindrical kirigami shells the snappinginduced curvature inversion of the initially bent ligaments results in a pop-up process that first localizes near an imperfection and then, as the deformation is increased, progressively spreads through the structure. Notably, we find that the width of the transition zone as well as the stress at which propagation of the instability is triggered can be controlled by carefully selecting the geometry of the cuts and the curvature of the shell. Our study significantly expands the ability of existing kirigami metamaterials and opens avenues for the design of the next generation of responsive surfaces, as demonstrated by the design of a smart skin that significantly enhance the crawling efficiency of a simple linear actuator.kirigami | buckling | propagative instability | metamaterials | phase transition A.R.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 85%

Propagation of pop ups in kirigami shells

Rafsanjani

Jin

Deng

et al. 2019

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

115

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“…The commercially available finite element analysis package ABAQUS[71] for understanding the mechanics of the stimulus‐responsive shape transformation behavior of Kirigami‐cut bilayers was used. Following an already established protocol,[40,43,72–74] the mismatch strain‐driven bilayer morphing was modeled as an equivalent thermal expansion problem where one layer expands with respect to the other in response to a hypothetical temperature. In our computations, 4‐node general purpose shell elements with through‐thickness variation in material properties (the element size was determined from separate mesh refinement studies) and appropriate boundary conditions were used.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Kirigami‐Inspired Self‐Assembly of 3D Structures

Abdullah

Rogers

et al. 2020

Adv Funct Materials

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Self‐assembly of 3D structures presents an attractive and scalable route to realize reconfigurable and functionally capable mesoscale devices without human intervention. A common approach for achieving this is to utilize stimuli‐responsive folding of hinged structures, which requires the integration of different materials and/or geometric arrangements along the hinges. It is demonstrated that the inclusion of Kirigami cuts in planar, hingeless bilayer thin sheets can be used to produce complex 3D shapes in an on‐demand manner. Nonlinear finite element models are developed to elucidate the mechanics of shape morphing in bilayer thin sheets and verify the predictions through swelling experiments of planar, millimeter‐scaled PDMS (polydimethylsiloxane) bilayers in organic solvents. Building upon the mechanistic understandings, The transformation of Kirigami‐cut simple bilayers into 3D shapes such as letters from the Roman alphabet (to make “ADVANCED FUNCTIONAL MATERIALS”) and open/closed polyhedral architectures is experimentally demonstrated. A possible application of the bilayers as tether‐less optical metamaterials with dynamically tunable light transmission and reflection behaviors is also shown. As the proposed mechanistic design principles could be applied to a variety of materials, this research broadly contributes toward the development of smart, tetherless, and reconfigurable multifunctional systems.

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“…Recently reported approaches utilize geometrical transformation of 2D precursor structures into 3D architectures by processes of compressive buckling induced by a prestrained elastomer support. Such methods are of interest due to their intrinsic compatibility with a broad range of advanced materials that exist naturally in 2D forms, their high speed, parallel operation, and their applicability over characteristic length scales from nanometers to centimeters . A particularly attractive feature is in the quantitative agreement between analytical modeling of this process and experimental observation, and the associated capability in using computation as a rigorous design tool for defining layouts of 2D precursor and spatial configurations of their bonding to the underlying elastomer that yield 3D structures of interest.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…An important limitation of past work in this area is that the compressive forces responsible for the 2D to 3D transformation process follow from relaxation of strains in a prestretched, uniform elastomer substrate. The spatially invariant magnitude of the resulting forces poses certain constraints on the range of 3D geometries that can be produced . Detailed studies exist on the buckling mechanics of the 2D precursors, but without significant attention to the mechanics of the substrates that provide the buckling force.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The spatially invariant magnitude of the resulting forces poses certain constraints on the range of 3D geometries that can be produced . Detailed studies exist on the buckling mechanics of the 2D precursors, but without significant attention to the mechanics of the substrates that provide the buckling force. Here, we present a versatile scheme that enables precise spatial control over these forces through a simple approach that involves engineered variations in the thickness of the elastomer substrates.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Engineered Elastomer Substrates for Guided Assembly of Complex 3D Mesostructures by Spatially Nonuniform Compressive Buckling

Nan

Luan

Yan

et al. 2016

Adv Funct Materials

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Approaches capable of creating three-dimensional (3D) mesostructures in advanced materials (device-grade semiconductors, electroactive polymers etc.) are of increasing interest in modern materials research. A versatile set of approaches exploits transformation of planar precursors into 3D architectures through the action of compressive forces associated with release of prestrain in a supporting elastomer substrate. Although a diverse set of 3D structures can be realized in nearly any class of material in this way, all previously reported demonstrations lack the ability to vary the degree of compression imparted to different regions of the 2D precursor, thus constraining the diversity of 3D geometries. This paper presents a set of ideas in materials and mechanics in which elastomeric substrates with engineered distributions of thickness yield desired strain distributions for targeted control over resultant 3D mesostructures geometries. This approach is compatible with a broad range of advanced functional materials from device-grade semiconductors to commercially available thin films, over length scales from tens of microns to several millimeters. A wide range of 3D structures can be produced in this way, some of which have direct relevance to applications in tunable optics and stretchable electronics.

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Mismatch strain programmed shape transformation of curved bilayer-flexible support assembly

Cited by 16 publications

References 53 publications

Propagation of pop ups in kirigami shells

Propagation of pop ups in kirigami shells

Kirigami‐Inspired Self‐Assembly of 3D Structures

Engineered Elastomer Substrates for Guided Assembly of Complex 3D Mesostructures by Spatially Nonuniform Compressive Buckling

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