Mitigation of cadmium toxicity by zinc in juvenile cacao: Physiological, biochemical, molecular and micromorphological responses

Santos, Mayana Leandra Souza dos; Almeida, Alex-Alan Furtado de; Silva, Natália Martins da; Oliveira, Bruna Rafaela Machado; Silva, José Victor S.; Souza, J. O.; Ahnert, Dário; Baligar, V. C.

doi:10.1016/j.envexpbot.2020.104201

Cited by 22 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 80 publications

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“…As a trace heavy metals of group 12 of the periodic table, Zn and cadmium (Cd) share similar chemical and physical properties. Due to this similarity, plant species may use similar mechanisms for regulating the uptake and translocation of Zn and Cd 4 , 7 , 31 – 33 . However, the underlying mechanisms responsible for regulating Zn and Cd in different plant species are not fully understood and it is hence unclear if different plant species share similar uptake and translocation mechanisms 4 , 28 – 34 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For example, previous studies have shown that the application of Zn to hydroponic solutions or soils can either reduce or increase the uptake and translocation of Cd, depending on the plant species 28 – 34 . In comparison to the essential micronutrient Zn, Cd is a known enzyme inhibitor in plants, and in plant cells it can cause mitochondrial damage, cell proliferation and cell division inhibition, lipid peroxidation, DNA and RNA degradation, ion leakage and cell membrane damage 4 , 33 . Damage to cell organelles in plants is related to exposure to high Cd concentrations (e.g., 50–100 mg kg −1 ) in nutrient growth media (e.g., hydroponic solutions and soils), but the specific Cd concentration threshold above which damage occurs is highly dependent on the plant species 35 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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An investigation of zinc isotope fractionation in cacao (Theobroma cacao L.) and comparison of zinc and cadmium isotope compositions in hydroponic plant systems under high cadmium stress

Barati

Moore

Ullah

et al. 2023

Sci Rep

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This study aims to establish whether zinc (Zn) and cadmium (Cd) share similar physiological mechanisms for uptake and translocation in cacao plants (Theobroma cacao L.). Multiple-collector ICP-MS was used to determine the Zn stable isotope compositions in the roots, stems and leaves of 19 diverse cacao genotypes grown in hydroponics with 20 µmol L−1 CdCl2. Additional plants of one genotype were grown in hydroponic solutions containing lower Cd concentrations (0 and 5 µmol L−1 added CdCl2). Regardless of the Cd concentration used in the exposures, the Zn stable isotope compositions show the same systematic patterns in plant organs, with δ66Znroot > δ66Znstem > δ66Znleaf (δ66Zn denotes relative differences in 66Zn/64Zn ratios in parts per thousand). The mean Zn stable isotope fractionation between the plants and the hydroponic solutions was ε66Znuptake = –1.15 ± 0.36‰ (2SD), indicating preferential uptake of isotopically light Zn by plants from the hydroponic solution. The mean stable isotope fractionation factor associated with translocation of Zn from roots to shoots, ε66Znseq-mob = + 0.52 ± 0.36‰ (2SD), shows that isotopically heavy Zn is preferentially sequestered in the cacao roots, whilst isotopically light Zn is mobilised to the leaves. A comparison with the Cd stable isotope compositions of the same plants shows that both isotopically light Zn and Cd are preferentially taken up by cacao plants. In contrast to Zn, however, the cacao roots retain isotopically light Cd and transfer isotopically heavy Cd to the leaves.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An investigation of zinc isotope fractionation in cacao (Theobroma cacao L.) and comparison of zinc and cadmium isotope compositions in hydroponic plant systems under high cadmium stress

Barati

Moore

Ullah

et al. 2023

Sci Rep

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Section: Biological Meaning Of the Findingsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Both Cd and Zn, at high concentrations, can cause plant toxicity [60] due to their physical and chemical similarities, considering that both belong to group II of the periodic table and are generally found associated ions, competing with each other for several binders [3,13,14]. It has been shown that the translocation efficiency of Cd and Zn is highly correlated, suggesting the possibility of a common transport mechanism for both metals, meaning that the accumulation of Cd in plants might be modulated by the presence of Zn [60]. Regarding the relationship between Cd and Ca, geochemical indicators of cadmium bioweathering in cacao-growing systems are emerging as important predictors of soil Cd dynamics [61], nonetheless, evidence concerning the role of calcium (Ca) in this process is scarce.…”

Section: Biological Meaning Of the Findingsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The First National Survey of Cadmium in Cacao Farm Soil in Colombia

et al. 2021

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This study represents the first nationwide survey regarding the distribution of Cd content in cacao-growing soils in Colombia. The soil Cd distribution was analyzed using a cold/hotspots model. Moreover, both descriptive and predictive analytical tools were used to assess the key factors regulating the Cd concentration, considering Cd content and eight soil variables in the cacao systems. A critical discussion was performed in four main cacao-growing districts. Our results suggest that the performance of a model using all the variables will always be superior to the one using Zn alone. The analyzed variables featured an appropriate predictive performance, nonetheless, that performance has to be improved to develop a prediction method that might be used nationwide. Results from the fitted graphical models showed that the largest associations (as measured by the partial correlation coefficients) were those between Cd and Zn. Ca had the second-largest partial correlation with Cd and its predictive performance ranked second. Interestingly, it was found that there was a high variability in the factors correlated with Cd in cacao growing soils at a national level. Therefore, this study constitutes a baseline for the forthcoming studies in the country and should be reinforced with an analysis of cadmium content in cacao beans.

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“…Cadmium (Cd) is a heavy element found on the surface of the Earth's crust at low concentrations in the divalent form (Cd 2+ ), with high mobility in the soil and in plants (Santos et al, 2020). Currently, cadmium concentrations in agricultural soils are high and present an environmental problem (Meter et al, 2019).…”

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confidence: 99%

Liming applications and the SPAD chlorophyll index and stomatal conductance in cocoa exposed to cadmium in the soil

Suárez-Parra

Castañeda-Serrano

Forero-Ulloa

et al. 2022

Rev. Colomb. Cienc. Hortic

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Cadmium is a heavy metal that affects cell structures, such as walls and membranes, especially in the photosynthetic apparatus (PSII), chlorophylls, chloroplasts and stomata, producing losses in production quantity and quality. In addition, it is harmful to the health of humans and animals. The objective was to analyze the behavior of the relative chlorophyll index (SPAD units) and stomatal conductance in clone CCN-51 cacao plants every 45 days (45, 90, 135 and 180 days) after liming application. Four doses of a dolomite + agricultural gypsum mixture were applied, increasing Ca+2 saturation in the soil to 7, 8 and 9 cmolc kg-1. The control treatment did not have applications. The results indicated a reduction in SPAD units in the plants without liming, with high cadmium levels in the soil (3.3 mg kg-1), and there were no statistical differences in the other treatments, possibly because of edaphic factors such as pH, organic matter content and Al+3. The best stomatal conductance was observed with 7 cmolc kg-1 in the foliar gas exchange. Supersaturated liming applications efficiently reduce the losses in quality and quantity caused by the accumulation of cadmium in cacao plants.

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Mitigation of cadmium toxicity by zinc in juvenile cacao: Physiological, biochemical, molecular and micromorphological responses

Cited by 22 publications

References 80 publications

An investigation of zinc isotope fractionation in cacao (Theobroma cacao L.) and comparison of zinc and cadmium isotope compositions in hydroponic plant systems under high cadmium stress

An investigation of zinc isotope fractionation in cacao (Theobroma cacao L.) and comparison of zinc and cadmium isotope compositions in hydroponic plant systems under high cadmium stress

The First National Survey of Cadmium in Cacao Farm Soil in Colombia

Liming applications and the SPAD chlorophyll index and stomatal conductance in cocoa exposed to cadmium in the soil

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