Mitochondria Biology in Reproductive Function

Tatone, Carla; Emidio, Giovanna Di

doi:10.3390/antiox11101978

Cited by 4 publications

(4 citation statements)

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“…It encompasses the cellular, biochemical, and physical factors that influence the growth and health of ovarian follicles and their enclosed oocytes ( 33 ). Maintaining the integrity of the ovarian microenvironment is essential for a proper hormonal regulation ( 34 ), follicular development ( 35 ) and oocyte maturation ( 36 ), mitochondrial function within the oocytes ( 37 ), vascularization and blood supply ( 38 – 41 ), immunological regulation ( 42 ), as well as fertility and reproductive potential ( 33 , 43 , 44 ). However, the disruptions caused by oxidative stress can have far-reaching consequences on the ovarian microenvironment, impacting the overall mechanisms regulating ovarian function and female reproductive health ( 45 , 46 ).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

High-fat diet-negative impact on female fertility: from mechanisms to protective actions of antioxidant matrices

Di Berardino,

Barceviciute,

Camerano Spelta Rapini

et al. 2024

Front. Nutr.

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IntroductionExcessive calorie intake poses a significant threat to female fertility, leading to hormonal imbalances and reproductive challenges. Overconsumption of unhealthy fats exacerbates ovarian dysfunction, with an overproduction of reactive oxygen species causing oxidative stress, impairing ovarian follicle development and leading to irregular ovulation and premature ovarian failure. Interest in biological matrices with high antioxidant properties to combat diet-related oxidative stress has grown, as they contain various bioactive factors crucial for neutralizing free radicals potentially preventing female reproductive health. This systematic review evaluates the female reproductive impact of biological matrices in mitigating oxidative damages induced by over calory habits and, in particular, high fat diets.MethodsA comparative approach among mammalian models was utilized to interpret literature available data. This approach specifically investigates the antioxidant mechanisms of biological matrices on early and late ovarian folliculogenesis, under physiological and hormone-induced female reproductive cycle. Adhering to the PRISMA 2020 guidelines, only English-language publications from peer-reviewed international indexes were considered.ResultsThe analysis of 121 publications meeting the inclusion criteria facilitated the identification of crucial components of biological matrices. These components, including carbocyclic sugars, phytonutrients, organosulfur compounds, and vitamins, were evaluated for their impact on ovarian follicle resilience, oocyte quality, and reproductive lifespan. The detrimental effects of oxidative stress on female fertility, particularly exacerbated by high saturated fat diets, are well-documented. In vivo studies across mammalian preclinical models have underscored the potential of antioxidants derived from biological matrices to mitigate diet-induced conditions. These antioxidants enhance steroidogenesis and ovarian follicle development, thereby improving oocyte quality. Additionally, discussions within these publications emphasized the clinical significance of these biological matrices, translating research findings into practical applications for female health.ConclusionFurther research is essential to fully exploit the potential of these matrices in enhancing female reproduction and mitigating the effects of diets rich in fatty acids. This requires intensified in vitro studies and comprehensive collection of in vivo data before clinical trials. The promotion of ovarian resilience offers promising avenues for enhancing understanding and advancing female reproductive health world-wide.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

High-fat diet-negative impact on female fertility: from mechanisms to protective actions of antioxidant matrices

Di Berardino,

Barceviciute,

Camerano Spelta Rapini

et al. 2024

Front. Nutr.

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“…ND5 is the mitochondrial-encoded respiratory chain I (NADH dehydrogenase) subunit 5, the deletion of which leads to respiratory chain disorders. Further, mitochondrial dysfunction may be responsible for female infertility because it affects not only sperm and oocyte quality but also the fertilization process and early embryonic development [ 60 ]. Ring finger protein 1 (RING1) has been suggested to play roles in regulating germ-cell-specific gene expression both in the male [ 61 ] and female germline [ 62 ], which occupy the central locations in the PPI network and act as hubs that interact with other DAPs.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Integrative Proteomics and Transcriptomics Profiles of the Oviduct Reveal the Prolificacy-Related Candidate Biomarkers of Goats (Capra hircus) in Estrous Periods

Sun

Liu

et al. 2022

IJMS

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The oviduct is a dynamic reproductive organ for mammalian reproduction and is required for gamete storage, maturation, fertilization, and early embryonic development, and it directly affects fecundity. However, the molecular regulation of prolificacy occurring in estrous periods remain poorly understood. This study aims to gain a better understanding of the genes involved in regulating goat fecundity in the proteome and transcriptome levels of the oviducts. Twenty female Yunshang black goats (between 2 and 3 years old, weight 52.22 ± 0.43 kg) were divided into high- and low-fecundity groups in the follicular (FH and FL, five individuals per group) and luteal (LH and LL, five individuals per group) phases, respectively. The DIA-based high-resolution mass spectrometry (MS) method was used to quantify proteins in twenty oviducts. A total of 5409 proteins were quantified, and Weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) determined that the tan module was highly associated with the high-fecundity trait in the luteal phase, and identified NUP107, ANXA11, COX2, AKP13, and ITF140 as hub proteins. Subsequently, 98 and 167 differentially abundant proteins (DAPs) were identified in the FH vs. FL and LH vs. LL comparison groups, respectively. Parallel reaction monitoring (PRM) was used to validate the results of the proteomics data, and the hub proteins were analyzed with Western blot (WB). In addition, biological adhesion and transporter activity processes were associated with oviductal function, and several proteins that play roles in oviductal communication with gametes or embryos were identified, including CAMSAP3, ITGAM, SYVN1, EMG1, ND5, RING1, CBS, PES1, ELP3, SEC24C, SPP1, and HSPA8. Correlation analysis of proteomics and transcriptomic revealed that the DAPs and differentially expressed genes (DEGs) are commonly involved in the metabolic processes at the follicular phase; they may prepare the oviductal microenvironment for gamete reception; and the MAP kinase activity, estrogen receptor binding, and angiotensin receptor binding terms were enriched in the luteal phase, which may be actively involved in reproductive processes. By generating the proteome data of the oviduct at two critical phases and integrating transcriptome analysis, we uncovered novel aspects of oviductal gene regulation of fecundity and provided a reference for other mammals.

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“…They are involved in energy metabolism, the tricarboxylic acid cycle, oxidative phosphorylation, and calcium ion [ 7 , 8 ]. In addition, these structures are the main site for the formation of intracellular reactive oxygen [ 9 ]. Symptoms within these organelles result in disorders in spermatogenesis [ 7 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of the effectiveness of the use of exosomes in the regulation of the mitochondrial membrane potential of frozen/thawed spermatozoa

Kowalczyk,

Kordan

2024

PLoS ONE

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Numerous studies confirm the involvement of extracellular vesicles (EVs) in the regulation of physiological processes of mammalian sperm cells. It has been proven that they take part in the processes of capacitation, acrosonmal reaction, and anti-oxidation. Despite growing interest in the biomedical potential (including the search for new reproductive biomarkers) of EVs, the role of extracellular seminal vesicles in maintaining semen quality during cryopreservation has not yet been established. Therefore, the objective of this experiment was to evaluate the effectiveness of the use in the regulation of the mitochondrial membrane potential of bovine sperm and to explain the mechanisms of EV action during cell cryopreservation. Exosomes were isolated from bull semen plasma, measured, and used for extender supplementation. Semen samples were collected from Simmental bulls, diluted, and pre-evaluated. Then they were divided into equal fractions that did not contain EVs or were supplemented with 0.75; 1.5 and 2.25 mg/ml of EVs. The test samples were frozen/thawed and the mitochondrial membrane potential, DNA integrity, and viability were evaluated. EVs have been established to have a positive effect on cryopreserved sperm structures. The most favourable level of EVs was 1.5 mg / ml, which can be successfully to improve cell cryostability during freezing/thawing. In this study, exosomes isolated from the sperm plasma and supplemented with a concentrated dose in the extender for sperm freezing were shown to significantly improve cryostability of cells by supporting the potentials of the mitochondrial membrane and protecting the cytoplasmic membrane of spermatozoa.

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Mitochondria Biology in Reproductive Function

Abstract: Mitochondria are multitasking organelles involved in the maintenance of cell homeostasis [...]

Cited by 4 publications

References 23 publications

High-fat diet-negative impact on female fertility: from mechanisms to protective actions of antioxidant matrices

High-fat diet-negative impact on female fertility: from mechanisms to protective actions of antioxidant matrices

Integrative Proteomics and Transcriptomics Profiles of the Oviduct Reveal the Prolificacy-Related Candidate Biomarkers of Goats (Capra hircus) in Estrous Periods

Evaluation of the effectiveness of the use of exosomes in the regulation of the mitochondrial membrane potential of frozen/thawed spermatozoa

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