Mitochondrial Biochemistry: Stress Responses and Roles in Stress Alleviation

Jacoby, Richard P.; Millar, A. Harvey; Taylor, Nicolas L.

doi:10.1002/9781119312994.apr0550

Cited by 6 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 337 publications

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“…Submergence and low-O 2 stress experienced during controlled germination leads to the accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Under oxygen deficiency, disruption of the electron transport chain in mitochondria results in excess hydrogen peroxide (H 2 O 2 ), and increased ROS generation causing cell oxidative damage ( Fukao and Bailey-Serres, 2004 ; Shabala et al., 2014 ; Jacoby et al., 2018 ). As seen in previous studies of barley under waterlogging conditions and in the early stages of malting ( Gill et al., 2019 ; Mahalingam et al, 2021 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Proteomic exploration reveals a metabolic rerouting due to low oxygen during controlled germination of malting barley (Hordeum vulgare L.)

O'Lone,

Juhász,

Nye-Wood

et al. 2023

Front. Plant Sci.

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Barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) is used in malt production for brewing applications. Barley malting involves a process of controlled germination that modifies the grain by activating enzymes to solubilize starch and proteins for brewing. Initially, the grain is submerged in water to raise grain moisture, requiring large volumes of water. Achieving grain modification at reduced moisture levels can contribute to the sustainability of malting practices. This study combined proteomics, bioinformatics, and biochemical phenotypic analysis of two malting barley genotypes with observed differences in water uptake and modification efficiency. We sought to reveal the molecular mechanisms at play during controlled germination and explore the roles of protein groups at 24 h intervals across the first 72 h. Overall, 3,485 protein groups were identified with 793 significant differentially abundant (DAP) within and between genotypes, involved in various biological processes, including protein synthesis, carbohydrate metabolism, and hydrolysis. Functional integration into metabolic pathways, such as glycolysis, pyruvate, starch and sucrose metabolism, revealed a metabolic rerouting due to low oxygen enforced by submergence during controlled germination. This SWATH-MS study provides a comprehensive proteome reference, delivering new insights into the molecular mechanisms underlying the impacts of low oxygen during controlled germination. It is concluded that continued efficient modification of malting barley subjected to submergence is largely due to the capacity to reroute energy to maintain vital processes, particularly protein synthesis.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Proteomic exploration reveals a metabolic rerouting due to low oxygen during controlled germination of malting barley (Hordeum vulgare L.)

O'Lone,

Juhász,

Nye-Wood

et al. 2023

Front. Plant Sci.

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“…ETC is a major source of ROS in plants, primarily produced at complex I and III when the accumulated reduced intermediates transfer their electrons to molecular oxygen, generating superoxide and singlet oxygen (Jacoby et al, 2018). Typically, when ETC is blocked during stress, electrons can be transferred through several alternative points, such as alternative NAD(P)H-dehydrogenases and alternative oxidase (AOX) in order to prevent excess ROS and recycle the electron carriers (Van Aken et al, 2009; Schertl and Braun, 2014).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Proteomic Analysis Reveals the Molecular Pathways Responsible for Solar UV-B Acclimation in High-altitude Malbec Berries

Arias,

Murcia,

Berli

et al. 2023

Preprint

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Grapevine cultivation at high altitudes provides a viable option for producing premium quality wines in the context of climate change. This is primarily attributed to cooler temperatures, wider thermal amplitudes, and increased UV-B radiation. Although high UV-B levels can cause oxidative-stress, grape berries acclimate by generating UV-blocking anthocyanins and antioxidant compounds accumulated in the berry skins, thereby enhancing the organoleptic qualities and aging capacity of wine. This UV-B exclusion study examines how Malbec berries respond to solar UV-B at a high-altitude vineyard in Mendoza, Argentina (1350 m a.s.l.). The results showed that high solar UV-B acts both as a photomorphogenic signal and a stressor. The proteomic changes of berries exposed to +UV-B conditions indicate a decrease of photosynthesis and oxidative phosphorylation, coupled with an increase of glycolysis and tricarboxylic acid cycle as compensatory respiration pathways. Furthermore, numerous chaperones and proteins associated with the antioxidant system exhibited increased abundance to maintain cellular homeostasis. Lastly, veraison-stage berries exposed to +UV-B displayed an activation of the UVR8 signaling cascade and the phenylpropanoid pathway, resulting in higher concentration of phenolic compounds and more oxidation-resistant types of anthocyanins. This is the first report of field-grown grape berry proteomic modulation in response to solar UV-B, and it may have significant implications for the cultivation of high-quality winegrapes in both current and future climate scenarios.

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“…A significant accumulation of ROS has been observed at the end of steeping as compared to dry seed (Mahalingam et al, 2021). Increased GABA concentration during steeping may serve as a potent antioxidant, when hypoxic conditions can disrupt the electron transport chain, leading to increased reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation and potential oxidative cell damage (Jacoby et al, 2018;O'Lone et al, 2023). Glutathione, another important antioxidant, was not detected by our analytical methods, but precursor compounds were identified.…”

Section: Dynamic Energy Metabolism and Stress Response During Maltingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Integrative LC-MS and GC-MS Metabolic Profiling Unveils Dynamic Changes during Barley Malting

Rani,

Whitcomb

2024

Preprint

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Malting, a crucial process for beer production, involves complex biochemical transformations affecting sensory attributes and product quality. Despite extensive research on storage carbohydrates and proteins involved in malting, a detailed understanding of metabolic alterations during this process remains elusive, limiting our ability to assess and enhance malt quality. Our study employed untargeted GC-MS and LC-MS metabolite profiling to elucidate these changes across six malting stages: dry seed, post-steeping (DOG0), germination (DOG1, DOG3, DOG5), and kilning. We identified a total of 4980 known metabolites, with approximately 82% exhibiting significant changes. Statistical analysis revealed stage-dependent metabolic shifts, with most significant shifts occurring from DOG1 to DOG3 and during kilning. Dynamic changes in various chemical classes and metabolic pathways provide insights into processes critical for malt quality and beer production. Additionally, metabolites associated with antimicrobial properties and stress responses were identified, underscoring the interplay between barley and microbial metabolic processes during malting.HighlightsGC-MS and LC-MS profiling were performed to track metabolic changes during malting.Identified 4980 known compounds belonging to 346 chemical classes during malting.Many microbial metabolites demonstrated increased abundance in finished malt.The most significant metabolic shifts occurred during early germination and kilning.

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Mitochondrial Biochemistry: Stress Responses and Roles in Stress Alleviation

Cited by 6 publications

References 337 publications

Proteomic exploration reveals a metabolic rerouting due to low oxygen during controlled germination of malting barley (Hordeum vulgare L.)

Proteomic exploration reveals a metabolic rerouting due to low oxygen during controlled germination of malting barley (Hordeum vulgare L.)

Proteomic Analysis Reveals the Molecular Pathways Responsible for Solar UV-B Acclimation in High-altitude Malbec Berries

Integrative LC-MS and GC-MS Metabolic Profiling Unveils Dynamic Changes during Barley Malting

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