Mitogen-activated protein kinase phosphatase is required for genotoxic stress relief in<i>Arabidopsis</i>

Ulm, Roman; Revenkova, Ekaterina; Sansebastiano, Gian Pietro Di; Bechtold, Nicole; Paszkowski, Jerzy

doi:10.1101/gad.192601

Cited by 149 publications

(154 citation statements)

References 71 publications

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“…The Arabidopsis genome encodes five candidate MKPs (AtMKP1, At3g06110, DsPTP1, PHS1, and IBR5), based on their catalytic domain sequence conservation (18), and several of these have been implicated in various biological scenarios. Mutants of AtMKP1 were reported to show hypersensitivity to genotoxic stress, but not to other oxidant stresses (20), and to also be less sensitive to elevated salt levels in the growth medium. Subsequent analysis revealed that AtMKP1 interacts with MPK6 and, to a lesser extent, with MPK3 and MPK4 in yeast two-hybrid screens (21).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, no physiological context has yet been defined for DsPTP1 activity. AtMKP1, on the other hand, was earlier reported to interact strongly with MAPK MPK6 in yeast two-hybrid assays, and the loss-of-function mkp1 mutant displayed mis-regulation of MPK6 activity specifically in response to genotoxic stress in planta (20,21). Despite these indications of a functional relationship between AtMKP1 and MPK6, the ability of AtMKP1 to catalyze dephosphorylation of activated MAPKs has not been demonstrated experimentally.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Arabidopsis MAPK Phosphatase 2 (MKP2) Positively Regulates Oxidative Stress Tolerance and Inactivates the MPK3 and MPK6 MAPKs

Lee

Ellis

2007

Journal of Biological Chemistry

122

119

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Two closely related Arabidopsis mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs), MPK3 and MPK6, are rapidly but transiently activated in plants exposed to ozone. Although the contribution of these MAPKs to control of redox stress has been examined extensively, it remains unclear whether the dual-specificity MKPs play an essential role in the regulation of these processes. To explore this question, specific knockdown of each of the five putative MKPs in Arabidopsis was performed, and the ozone sensitivity phenotype of each MKP-suppressed line was assessed. Silencing of only one previously uncharacterized MKP, designated AtMKP2, rendered the plants hypersensitive to oxidative stress. AtMKP2-suppressed plants displayed significantly prolonged MPK3 and MPK6 activation during ozone treatment, and recombinant AtMKP2 was able to dephosphorylate both phospho-MPK3 and phospho-MPK6 in vitro, providing direct evidence that AtMKP2 may target these oxidantactivated MAPKs. In addition, the in vitro phosphatase activity of AtMKP2 was enhanced by co-incubation with either recombinant MPK3 or MPK6. In AtMKP2:YFP-expressing plants, the fusion protein was localized predominantly in the nucleus, the same compartment into which ozone-activated MPK3 and MPK6 have previously been shown to be translocated. Taken together, these data suggest that AtMKP2, a novel MKP protein in Arabidopsis, acts upon MPK3 and -6, and serves as a positive regulator of the cellular response to oxidant challenge.To survive, plant cells must maintain redox homeostasis in the face of a range of oxidative challenges from both internal and external sources, including potentially damaging "reactive oxygen species" (ROS) 2 generated by high energy electron transfer systems in the chloroplasts, mitochondria, and peroxisomes and by environmental insults such as UV and ozone (1-3). At the same time, there is good evidence that specific ROS can also act as signal transduction messengers, most notably in the detection and response processes by which plant cells deal with potential pathogens (4) and herbivores (5) but also in physiological processes such as control of stomatal aperture (6). These seemingly contrasting scenarios require the cell to manage ROS levels through temporally and spatially modulated mechanisms that allow suppression of undesirable ROS accumulation while still permitting intra-or intercellular transmission of ROS-encoded information. The first step in these redox homeostatic mechanisms is the detection and signaling of ROS levels through an orchestrated sequence of intracellular signaling events.Genes encoding mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) and their upstream activators (MAPK kinases and MAPK kinase kinases) form highly conserved families in eukaryotes, including plants (7-9), and these kinase-based signal transduction modules are known to regulate a host of cellular processes, including responses to oxidant stress (10). In Arabidopsis, the MAPKs most implicated in oxidative stress signaling are MPK3 and MPK6. Suppression of the ozone-activ...

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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confidence: 99%

Arabidopsis MAPK Phosphatase 2 (MKP2) Positively Regulates Oxidative Stress Tolerance and Inactivates the MPK3 and MPK6 MAPKs

Lee

Ellis

2007

Journal of Biological Chemistry

122

119

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“…In fact, both AtPTP1 and AtDsPTP1 dephosphorylate and deactivate a MAPK protein (AtMPK4) in vitro (32,33). A putative DsPTP gene, AtMKP1, is essential for UV resistance in Arabidopsis (34).…”

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confidence: 99%

Regulation of the Dual Specificity Protein Phosphatase, DsPTP1, through Interactions with Calmodulin

Yoo¹,

Cheong²,

Park

et al. 2004

Journal of Biological Chemistry

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“…This was shown by expression profiling of wild-type vs. mkp1 mutant lines and increased resistance to salinity of mkp1 mutant plants. 115 During water stress, transpirational loss of water is reduced as stomata close in response to ABA. Using specific inhibitors, PTKs and PTPs have been involved in the signaling pathway leading to stomatal closure.…”

Section: 88mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…118,119 The Arabidopsis mkp1 mutant which was shown to be resistant to elevated salinity, is also hypersensitive to UV radiation. 115,118 Defense, cytoskeleton organization and response to hormones. The DsPTK BAK1 is the positive regulator of the signaling pathways induced by the BRs but also of the transduction cascade induced by the bacterial pathogen flagellin.…”

Section: Acknowledgmentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Signal processing by protein tyrosine phosphorylation in plants

Ghélis

2011

Plant Signaling & Behavior

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Mitogen-activated protein kinase phosphatase is required for genotoxic stress relief inArabidopsis

Cited by 149 publications

References 71 publications

Arabidopsis MAPK Phosphatase 2 (MKP2) Positively Regulates Oxidative Stress Tolerance and Inactivates the MPK3 and MPK6 MAPKs

Arabidopsis MAPK Phosphatase 2 (MKP2) Positively Regulates Oxidative Stress Tolerance and Inactivates the MPK3 and MPK6 MAPKs

Regulation of the Dual Specificity Protein Phosphatase, DsPTP1, through Interactions with Calmodulin

Signal processing by protein tyrosine phosphorylation in plants

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